A Study On Regulatory Impact Assessment In China

American formulated National Environmental Policy Act in 1969, after 30 years of practice, Regulatory Impact Assessment system of American has formed a comparatively mature theoretical analysis framework and have been used in a wide range. At the same time, more and more countries began to use the Regulatory Impact Assessment system to analysis regulation policy of their countries and have a good effect in improving the efficiency of regulation policy and improving the quality of tool for regulatory selection. As a developing country, China is not good enough in improving the efficiency of regulation policy formulation and implementation. The experience of practicing of some countries has proved that the RIA is an effective tool to solve this problem, especially in the western developed countries. Therefore, how to construct the framework that is realistic, operational and conform to China's national conditions of RIA based on the experience of foreign countries is a beneficial attempt for China to improve the efficiency of regulation policy of our country.The paper is divided into seven sections. Chapter one is the general, provides an introduction to the research significance, the domestic and foreign relevant literatures review, research purpose and methods, the idea and framework, major creativity and deficiency of this paper. Chapter two explains theoretical foundation and realistic significance of RIA based on the theory of government regulation and public administrations, explains the main contents of RIA, such as object, principles and methods, and establishes a basic analysis framework in order to lay a good foundation for RIA analysis. Chapter three evaluates the current implementation of RIA of Chinese government, the implementation of China's RIA mainly embodies in Environmental Regulation Assessment, the scope of implementation of RIA is narrow, compared with developed countries, the effect also have a large gap. This chapter also points out the necessity of introducing RIA and obstacles exist in reality, and provides that what measures should be taken to guarantee the system of RIA can be implemented smoothly in China. China should construct the system of Regulation Impact Assessment which conforms to China's national conditions, not only confine to Environmental Regulation Analysis, and should be extended to all influential fields, such as society, politics, economy, environment, and improve the level of Regulation Impact Assessment. Chapter four provides an introduction and appraisal to the existing RIA practice of some developed countries in the world, find out the feasibility of China implement RIA and the relevant experience which China should learn from. Chapter five constructs a system of RIA suited to China's national conditions based on the experience of foreign countries and current limited conditions of China. The key problem is how to choose the indicators of RIA and determine appropriate proportion among indicators in the framework. We design the framework of Impact Assessment from two aspects which are the costs (input) and benefits (output) of the evaluation, input including human, material and financial resources, output is in accordance with the economic, social and environmental influence to set indicators. This framework can be considered the general framework designed as different regulation policy impact assessment systems. Chapter six uses empirical analysis method to analyze China environmental regulation policies impact assessment. The object of this chapter is to use the framework last chapter referred to construct environmental regulation impact assessment indicators system according to the characteristics of environment of our country, and then evaluate regulation policy tools in the field of china environmental regulation, and provide some constructive suggestion for our country about introducing and complete the system of RIA, also can test the feasibility and operability of the mentioned framework of RIA. The last chapter is the conclusion and prospect.Overall, according to the specific conditions of China, the paper designs a general framework of regulation policy impact analysis indicators system based on the theory of government regulation and public management and the experience of the United states, the European Union and the OECD countries or regions by many kinds of methods such as historical analysis, comparative analysis, normative analysis, empirical analysis, qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis. In the empirical aspect, the paper completely evaluates impact of 2008 environment regulation policies of JingGangShang city, and gives some suggestion for Regulation Impact Assessment of China.