Research On The Key Issues Of Enterprise Purchasing In Supply Chain Environment

In recent years, the global economy is developing with two outstanding features, one is globalization and the other is the fast growing of international enterprises. Especially, in the 21st century, economic globalization is speeding up with more intensive competition among these enterprises. The competition among the enterprises is gradually evolved into competing of the supply chain. In the supply chain environment, how to improve the purchasing management efficiency is very crucial for enterprises to reduce operation costs and improve their core competitiveness.In this paper, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, the key issues of enterprise purchasing in supply chain environment are investigated as follows.(1) The main features of enterprise purchasing in supply chain environment. The basic theory of purchasing is introduced and the definition of enterprise purchasing in supply chain environment is specified. Then, the development process is analyzed. The basic characteristics of enterprise purchasing in supply chain environment and the reasons of position leveraging are explored.(2) Buyer partnership in supply chain environment. The supply chain procedure with the buyer as the core enterprise is analyzed. The organization and construction of the enterprise is clarified. The essence, aggregation and co-existence of enterprise organization, as well as the motivations, are analyzed. The structure and main categories of the buyer partnership are proposed. The evolution of buyer partnership and the development process and characterizing function are proposed. On this basis, the partnership development strategy and implementation procedures are proposed.(3) Fuzzy evaluation of the buyer partnership in supply chain environment. The comprehensive satisfaction degree is defined with the characterizing function. Using the linguistic assessment theory, an evaluation procedure for cooperation satisfaction is proposed. The evaluation index system for buyer partnership formulation and development is established and the weight of indexes is obtained with triangular fuzzy theory. The model of "Index Factors-Partnership-Satisfaction" is established. And, a feedback-based fuzzy evaluation procedure to evaluate partnership is proposed.(4) Coordination mechanism of purchasing system in supply chain environment. Based on the analysis of its structure, the concept and purpose of the coordination for the enterprise purchasing system in supply chain environment is clarified, and the layers, factors and degree of the coordination is analyzed. The purchasing coordination mechanism based on functional unit is proposed. The coordination model of the purchasing system functional units is established and the Agent coordination process and constraints for the buyer control center are investigated. Finally, the coordination process of the purchasing system based on decision process is proposed.(5) Enterprise purchasing coordination mechanism with the condition of incomplete information. Based on the observation of the incomplete information feature for the game among the purchaser and their upstream/downstream counterparts, the game model among upstream supplier and downstream customer is established. Then, the game of the purchaser with single and multiple suppliers are investigated respectively. The coordination mechanism of upstream and downstream counterparts in the supply chain environment for the buyer is proposed and numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the impact of different factors on the coordination degree.(6) Purchasing risk management in supply chain environment. Based on the analysis of the causes of purchasing risks, the purchasing risks are categorized into controllable and uncontrollable risks. According to the risk probability and risk evaluation matrix, the formulation of controllable risk coefficient is designed and the purchasing avoidance strategy is proposed.