Research On Theory And Empirical For Interaction Between Ports And Cities

The relationship between ports and cities is complex.Our country is in a period of rapid economic growth,the port throughput is always the first of world for many years, but the development of port cities falls behind relatively.The most important reason is that there is not effective interactive relation between ports and the cities.The practice at home and abroad shows that the positive interactive development between ports and cities is important.It can solve the problems basically such as port city's slow development and less competitive ability.It is also the key factor that can determine whether the port cities can realize sustainable development.Though at present many scholars have made a large number of researches about the interactive between ports and cities,the effect of guiding practice is weak.Particularly,there are several problems concerning the interactive mechanism of port-city system,the evolution of the relationship between ports and cities and the judgement and evaluation on the harmonious development of port system and city system,which are not be well solved. The paper stands on the reality of the development of port cities,and mainly studies basic theories and methods of the relationship between ports and cities in order to establish quick feedback mechanism of the theory and practice about the interactive mechanism of port-city system,accumulate research results and promote harmonious development of port-city's integration.Based on consulting many documentaries at home and abroad,the paper summarizes the research course,research results and future research direction of the relationship between ports and cities,from which we can seek breakthrough point of the research.Summarized by theory,the correlation theory of the relationship between ports and cities may become the research foundation of the interactive mechanism of port-city system.Firstly,the paper analyses the spatial distribution characteristics of port cities in our country,and establishes a relation matrix and introduces Relative Concentration Index(RCI) to make quantitative analysis on the matrix,which help us analyze the evolution characteristic of the function relations of national-level port cities since 1985. Secondly,based on rational abstraction of the port-city system,the paper uses system-dynamic theory,and establishes a mathematic model which describes the interactive mechanism of port-city system.Moreover,in order to prove the practicality and validity of the model,it takes Dalian as an empirical to simulate port-city system. Then we put forward the interactive mechanism of port-city system.Thirdly,the spatial-temporal evolution pattern of the relationship between ports and cities are studied.On the basis of Logistic Equation,the paper sets up the evolution model and tests the model through the historical data of ports in America and Britain.Then the paper draws a conclusion about the evolution pattern of port cities in our country.It divides the spatial evolution process of port cities into five stages.Fourthly,this paper establishes comprehensive evaluation index system of port cities,and constructs evaluation model using the method of principal component analytical and regression method.Based on them,we can make timely adjustment aiming at inharmonious status. Finally,from actual conditions of port cities in our county and the conclusions such as the interactive mechanism of port-city system,evolution theory of port cities and so on, the paper puts forward macro-control countermeasures to promote the interaction of ports and cities.