A Study Of The Matching Between Leaders' Characteristics And Different Teams

Teamwork is the rage since 1980's, and it expands the range of management, promotes the sharing of knowledge, reduces the dissymmetry of information and increases the cooperation. Team work becomes the popular management concept with the attention of managers and scholars. At the same time, the leader of a team is the most important person because he sets the teams' goals, arranges task, attains resource, spreads information, and inspires team members. Thereout, the research of team and leader is the academical hotspot of management up to the present.Leaders' characteristics include knowledge, capability, personality and behavior. We choose the personality and behavior of leaders to research, because personality is a basic factor of leaders and bahvior is a direct one to team members. At the same time, we synthetize different concepts of team, and finally define team by the cooperation, the influence to each other, the same goals, the duties taken on by all, and the larger performance.The research of teamwork by domestic and overseas scholars is rich and colorful. They have researched the factor to teams' performance, team conflict, model of effective teams, trust between team members, team efficiency, team atmosphere, team decision-making, team constructing, team roles, virtual team, and so on. All of above is to make teams more effective or to find out those effective fators to teams. The research of leader theory is various too, and it includes conventional and modern traits theories, behavior theories, situation theories, attribution theories, charming leaders theories, LMX, creationary leader theories, the theories of leaders accommodating to future, and so on. The combinative research of team and leader includes the leader's behavior and the team, the leader's traits and the team, and three objects above. But, above researches are to find out one or some kinds of effective traits or havavior fitting to all teams, and lack situational thinking. They are short of all-around research from leaders' traits and behavior to team situation. They are only qualitative or not quantitative. Thus, we reseach how a team leader's personality influence his or her behavior, how team leader's behavior influence team effect, and how leaders' characteristics match to different teams.We research MBTI and motivation as leaders' personality, relationship- oriented and task- oriented behavior as leaders' behavior character, which are the cause of teams" effect. After referring to most scholars' theories, we sort team by the depending on each other and the complexity of teams' task: eopard team, oryx team, zebra team, and wolf team, which are the situational variables. Whereafter, we put forward four hypothesis from the relationship between leaders' MBTI and behavior, three hypothesis from the relationship between leaders' motivation and behavior, and four hypothesis from the relationship between leaders' behavior and effective teams. We validate the eleven hypothesis above by non-experimental demonstration and case.Before our demonstration research, we must obtain the tools to evaluate leaders' characteristics and team types. We choose professional mental evaluating questionnaire from BEISEN, a famous company in BeiJing. We decide to devise tools by ourselves to evaluate team members' depending, team task's complexity, and team's effect. During the demonstration research, we come down to 125 teams, which come from different areas, different callings, and different specialty. At last, 106 teams are valid.After having researched 106 teams above, we find some factors of leaders' MBTI are remarkable correlative to behavior; some factors of leaders" motivations are remarkable correlative to behavior; and the best match between leaders' behavior and different teams, which have validated most of the eleven research hypothesis. In order to research how leader's personality affect his or her behavior and how leader's behavior affect team members, we choose a typical team case to investigate from every kind of team, and find out the latent cause of the best match between leaders' characteristics and different teams.Our research conclusion are that extravert, emotional, communicating, and relationship-oriented leaders match to eopard team; extravert, sensorial, emotional, judicious, influencing, ambitious, communicating, relationship- oriented and task-oriented leaders match to oryx team; sensorial, judicious, influencing, ambitious, and task-oriented leaders match to zebra team. But we did not find some factor of MBTI, motivations or behavior matches to wolf team. At last, we provide some advices on effective team constructing and leadership through collocating team leaders, adapting team leaders' behavior, ordain ing team criterion of work, and so on.