Study On Rural Residential Land Consolidation Based On Landscape Pattern Dynamics

The rural residential area is the outcome of a certain historical development stage of society, and it is the carrier of the rural production and living. It can be predicted that rural settlements will continue to be the primary form of rural settlement for a long period of time in the future. With the China's huge number of the population, the conflict between the population and land resources especially the farmland, and the requirement for improving the condition of production and living in rural areas, have made it significant to inhance the research on the rural residential areas.Nowadays, there are lots of problems in the use of rural residential land in our country, for example, the rural residential land lacks of scientific and effective constraints, which have led to the incompact and simplex land use structure, the large amount of land per capita, the high construction density and the low plot ratio, and so on. The problems of villages' weak infrastructure construction, land development disorder, disorder layout of the building, fire potential safety problems and poor sanitation, also have seriously affected the "three rural" problem to be solved effectively. The most important of all, the way of new settlements expand in rural areas have led to the loss of high quality cultivated land, and it has become an important factor of China's arable land decreasing.Therefore, Reasonable solution for the problems that rural settlements exist, Rural settlements economical use of intensive production and improve the living conditions of farmers need to strengthen the research of rural settlements on land-use change and collate. This paper, taking Sui-ning county and representative town (Gaozuo Town) in the northern Jiangsu Province as the example, landscape pattern dynamics and its dynamic mechanism are to be viewed at two levels: global and internal rural residential area. And two models: Correctional Gene Model of Landscape Pattern and Markov Chain Model for rural residential area consolidation potential is put forward. The change of landscape patterns between 1995 and 2005 is analyzed using the RS and GIS to process data of three (1995, 2000 and 2005) image. The landscape correction factor and Markov Chain Model will be introduced to calculate the rural settlements consolidation potential based on landscape change; The consolidation mode and layout readjustment were discussed; On the basis of above-mentioned work combined with willingnes analysis of farmer about rural settlements consolidation, the plan design and its implementation strategy were put forward, with a view to building a new socialist countryside in the process of rural settlements with the collation of planning studies to provide a reference and a basis.Through the textual research work, conclusions were as follows:(1) The total area of the rural residential land in Sui-ning between 1995 and 2005 is average increasing,but the rate of increase is decrease, the total size increasing from 192.79 km~2 to 282 km~2, the average plaque area increasing from 0.07473 km~2 to 0.09494 km~2, the size and the average size changes shows from 1995 to 2000 is greater than that from 2000 to 2005; rural settlements plaque from 2587 to 3027, the plaque density increasing from 1.4836/km~2 to 1.7491/km~2, the rate of increase has emerged greater from 1995～2000 than from 2000 to 2005 ,but separated plaque index show a downward trend.(2)On the whole, Sui-ning's largest index of rural residents increased, shows the largest rural settlements that increased; the size of rural settlements in the shape of no great changes, its shape index maintained at around 1.5; average patch fractal dimension remained at around 1.10, lower anti-interference capability, also enhance the instability of the ecological environment. Form internal rural residential area, the residential landscape increased rapidly; leisure area reduce; and leisure areaand agricultural land became main sources for the increasing of the residential landscape in these two decades.Based on Generalized Principal Component Analysis for driving force of landscape change , economic development factor,the increasing of population and subscriber number and the enlargement of per capita living space are the main reason.(3) According to the Jiangsu Provincial Construction Planning Guide of villages and the control standards of rural residents the land for building in China on a national scale, determine the end of the planning Sui-ning indicators rural per capita construction land is 90 m~2, and 2020 rural settlements Sui-ning land area of 6930 hm~2, theoretical rural settlements can be sorted out land 16877.3 hm~2.Introducing landscape correction factor, based on the rural landscape pattern settlements development trend, using fuzzy clustering analysis method, combining "Huiningxian urban system planning", Huiningxian rural settlements consolidation level domain is divided into four level and value of landscape correction factor was determined. It is reached that the reality potential of rural settlements consolidation of Huining county may be 14464.3 hm~2.(4) Based on Markov Chain Model for rural residential area consolidation potential, the trend of landscape pattern dynamics for internal rural residential area is simulated. And based on the results and proportion relation of Markov Chain Model, the quantity of residential landscape, productive landscape, road landscape, service landscape etc. is calculated and rural residential area consolidation potential is 117.88 hm2 in Gaozuo Town Suining County.(5) On the basis of above theoretical analysis and consolidation potential of different consolidation level, the different cities and towns in the county by the different functions using different sites, namely central city of 80 m~2 per capita per person, deputy centre 100 m~2 per capita per person, focusing on the town of 120 m~2 per capita per person, normally on a per-capita town 150 m~2 per capita per person calculation, which reached Sui-ning consolidation the reality of rural settlements may be the potential to 14464.3 hm~2.(6) Farmers is the main land-use micro in the rural settlements. Rural settlements size and layout show some differences, the fundamental reason is that farmers settlements in the accumulated result of farmers behavior analysis of decision. Plan designed of rural settlements consolidation was consist of implement course, fund raising, management and supervision, land index setting. Major constraints of rural settlements consolidation are ideological concept, landscape design, and economic condition. Correspondingly, the effective way about protecting the smooth development of consolidation of rural land settlements is to emphasize ecological concept, pay attention to landscape design, perfect related policy, and solve capital difficult problem.