The Implementation And Satisfactory Of Public Goods In Rural China

Irrigation infrastructure in rural areas is of great significance to poverty reduction and agricultural production in light of "Building New Socialistic Rural Communities". Furthermore, the future development of agricultural production depends mostly on the improvement of irrigation conditions. The overall goals of the study are to use two new, nationally representative data sets to create a profile of China's irrigation and drainage facilities' investment situation at the village and even the rural household level. In doing so, we can evaluate the implementation of the investment and satisfactory of rural households. On this base, we can give some suggestions to perfect the system of public investment, to increase peasants' income and enhance their satisfactory.The core content of the research is about the public investment of irrigation and drainage facilities from three aspects through nationally survey which is organized by CCAP (Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy) on April, 2005. This large survey is conducted in 25 counties of 5 provinces (Jiangsu, Sichuan, Shanxxi, Jilin, Hebei) and includes the information about 808 rural household samples, 101 village samples and 50 township samples.First of all, the empirical analysis primarily deals with the current situation of irrigation facilities investment, including the total situation, investing goals, intensity and distribution of investment, source of money and so forth. As a whole, rural irrigation made a headway progress since 1950s. However, it experienced backup, slow developing and steady developing. For the time being, total investment has some ascend , but only a small part comes to the village level. Our result shows that irrigation investment has become the second large program after road and bridge. Because of social and natural differences in different provinces, for example, some are rich and some are poor, some are inland and some are coastal, the conditions of irrigation are changeable. It demonstrates higher levelgovernment has some policies for lag behind provinces. At last, we give some simple reasons for the differences investment situation of areas.In the second aspect, we evaluate the implementation of the irrigation investment from the village level with the method of DID (Difference-in-Difference). Although the conditions of irrigation and drainage facilities have changed a lot, they still rank the third place behind road and drinking water facilities.This evaluation is representative by the peasant's income every mu (0.0667 hectares). The result manifests public investment of irrigation and drainage has accelerates the peasant's income positively. However, the percent of villages which have the investment is very low. Because this ratio is lower than thirty percent. Therefore, the intensity of investment is not sufficient.Thirdly, the study uses household level data to analyze peasants' satisfactory with ORM (Ordered Regression Model) . The statistics indicates that although the level of satisfactory is heightened than six years before, but the total level is still very low. The most unsatisfacfied programs are road and irrigation. Meanwhile, farmers have most strong willing to invest road, drinking water and irrigation. In addition, with the limitation of money restraint, peasants' investment willingness of priority is road but not irrigation.At last, some relevant policy implications are suggested. It is hoped that the government should pay more attention on the improvement of agricultural irrigation but not only management of rivers and lakes. Meanwhile, irrigation and drainage facilities investment should enter more villages and rural households so as to realize the rapid development of rural economy.