| China is not only confronted with the enormous pressure on the social and economic development that coming from the rapidly growing population, but also faced with the challenge of population ageing. Aging has brought far-reaching influences on economy and social development, including the influences on population change, labor resource, labor capacity, saving, investment, production, consumption, industrial structure and technical progress, or on tradition, ethics, morality and marriage, family, and spiritual civilization. Facing so huge challenges, we can adopt some different measures from many angles to deal with, such as from the angle of social security, birth policy, industrial structure and so on. However, the research angle of this paper mainly from reasonable efficiency utilization of labor resource and the development of elderly human resource to deal with the challenge of ageing.The ageing is more and more severe so that our labor provides will change from infinite to limited, which will bring about some great threatens on industrial structure and competitive advantage of our country, and from 2030 to 2050, the labor force supply will come into the most rigorous period. Hence, in the key time, development of elderly human resource is a good idea to resolve our country's labor force supply and aging problems. Through development and utilization, the pressure of aging population will be translated into the human resource power to produce social wealth.This dissertation, using the methods of comparative analysis, empirical analysis, a lot of computation and mathematical analysis, on the background of ageing analyzed the theories, actual basis and total situation of elderly human resource development, the research of elderly human resource development those people live in cities and towns and introduced the experiences of other countries. The theories of many subjects such as economics, labor economics, ecological economics, human management, demography and gerontics are integrated in this dissertation, and some countermeasures and suggestions about elderly human resource development of our country are put forward.The content of this dissertation were summed up as follows. At first, the dissertation introduced that topic to choose a background, research objectives and meaning, the research status of home and abroad about aging and old human resource development, and the paper structure and train of thought. Then the paper is discussed that aging progress of China had brought influence on current and future labor force supply. The conclusion of analysis is that the labor demands not labor force supply holds the leading role at labor market, and the economic development of China forces the Lewes' turning point. And the changing of future active labor force and future labor employment are both forecasted. Next, the paper is researched our country's total situation of elderly human resource development and the development of those elderly human resource who are living in cities and towns. In this part, our country's total situation of elderly human resource development is analyzed through four aspects that are the age level, the number and structure of elderly human resource to develop, the integrated effect of old human resource and active labor force, labor motives of elderly person, and the ecological impact on social population coming from elderly human resource development. The development of elderly human resource that lives in cities and towns is mainly analyzed by two aspects. They are the characteristics of those people and the development of employment fields. Besides, an empirical analysis about the factors that effect re-employment of cities' elderly person is done. Fourthly, strategies and measures on elderly human resource of some representative aging countries such as France, America, Japan and so on are researched, and some countermeasures and suggestions about elderly human resource development of our country are put forward. The fifth part is the sum-up about this dissertation and the tendency of the research.The results including innovations of the dissertation were mainly embodied in five perspectives, as show below.Firstly, the total situation of present labor market is analyzed, four factors of the influences on unemployment rate that come from economic growth rate, economic structure, the raise of working-age population and the immigration rate of working-age population were used to test the contribution to employment pressure coming from labor demand or supply. The fact labor demand and supply data from 2001 to the third quarter 2007 of some parts of our country was mathematical analyzed. Then a conclusion was drew that in the labor market, the leading role was labor demand not labor supply.Secondly, the future employment was predicted. Analyzing and supposing future labor participation rate of each age group, the change of future labor employment gross was forecast. The forecast showed that in the future, if employed person over the age of 65 was considered, the summit of labor supply and employment would appear around 2020. If not, the summit would reach 753 million in 2015, and then the scale of employed person would be continuous decline. Along with the development of population ageing, until the middle of century, our labor supply and the scale employed person would be more declined than now, and then, the employed person from the age of 15 to 64 would only around 630 million. Considering the elder person employment, not only can enlarge the scale of employed person, but also can postpone the summit of labor supply and the continuous decrease situation of employed person to reach.Thirdly, the development of elderly human resource brought more ecological influence on Chinese social population. This point not only has been research in the dissertation, but also was one of innovations of this paper. In the aging society, the special family structure that was caused from the division of family resources, the weakening of family responsibilities and the change of marriage opinions, brought about large ecological influences on the sustainable development of population and the evolution of relation between generations. The development of elderly human resource has an important meaning. It can make better the relation between generations, promote sustainable social development, keep elder society in order, realize the old person value and avert family crisis.Fourthly, the influence factors about urban elder person re-employment were positive analyzed. This aspect also is one innovation. Through questionnaire of a part of Qingdao elder person re-employment and logistic regression analysis about influence factors such as gender, age stage, education, skill and pension, a conclusion was drew. It was that age stage and skill had significant influence on elder person re-employment, and other factors hadn't have so obvious influence.Fifthly, among the suggestions of elderly human resource, one management information system including two systems (social serve system and social management system) and one mechanism (market competition mechanism) were put forward. This system was an innovation. It can make elderly human resource to develop systematically and designedly in keep with the market competition mechanism. |
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