On Human Capital And Innovation Capability Of Regions

Having identified the concepts of human capital, innovation capability of regions and concepts which are closely related to them, the dissertation first recalls and makes comments on the previous studies on human capital and innovation capability. Based on analyzing the construction of innovation capabilities at regional levels and its influencing factors with a method of combining theoretical study and positive analysis, it then, elaborates the relationship, interaction and influence among humane resources, creativity capacity in science and technology, creativity capability in industry and social climate at regional levels. Next, taking "capability of independent innovation" and the strategy of "building a powerful China with talents" in the 11th Five-Year Program into consideration, it explores the mechanism of fostering talented persons and allocation approaches with an attempt to enhance the innovation capability of Chengdu, a capital city of Sichuan province in western China, on the basis of the development of integration of urban and rural areas in this city.I. The dissertation, by analyzing from varied aspects, argues that human capital is a kind of capitalization of human resourses and knowledge, different from physical captial, and is a factor with value-adding potential in productive forces. The investment and accumulation of human capital is an inevitable response to the realization of the great-leap-forward development of productivity, enhancement of creativity capability at regional levels and the sustainable development of regional economy. As the social-economic level grows, as our technical level rises and knowledge-based industry sysytems are strengthened, the innovation capacity at regional levels, which is setting high standard for human capital, has been playing a more and more dominant role in sustaining economic development and keeping the ascendancy advance in regional competitions.II. The dissertation points out the regional economic disparity between West China and East China is relative to the discrepancy of innovation capacitity between the two regions, which is, to a great extent, the result of the regional human resources disparity. Practice has proved that, the flourishing estern China region is not rich in nature resources, but abundant in human resources. In other words, its allocation ability of human is strong, which entitles estern region more preference of overflow effect of human resources around the region, both within and outwardly, also, endows the region strong ability in knowledge acquisition and application, ability in development system and social climate innovation, and the promotion of creation ability in regional levels. Therefore, with the vigorous push and driving forece of technical progress and renovation sysytem, the economic state of growth in estern region is keeping rising. While, the central and west regions, which is marked for its backward economic and cultural development, and weak investment in human resources, face a critical drain of talents. These lead to the serious deficiency of innovation resources in these two regions, and wide the gap between the developed eartern region and underdeveloped central and western regions.III. The dissertation analyzes the inner relationship of human and industrial creativity in regional levels, based on the connotaion, structure model and affect factors of industrial renovation. It points out that, industrial creativity is an important factor of creativity capacity in regional levels, and finally reflects how regional creativity ability pushes the regional economy development. Human resources function and effect the industiral innovation capacity in two different aspects—capacity and structure. High quality personnels directly affect the level and development of enterprise rennovation ability, and the scale and speed of regional leading industry. Concentration of industries promotes concentration of talents, which promotes the ability of regional industry rennovation. The dissertation states: in the primary stage of regional economy development, the quantity of human has considerable influence on the development of renovation capacity in industry at regional levels. But as the regional economy grows, the influence gradually falls, while the influence of structrue of human is rising. The dissertation, in view of the relationship between the quantity and structure of human resources, sorts out seven different regions, and points out that, the main part of industrial renovation at region levels shapes a network, which is proped up by multi-skill talents. Fact-analyzing shows: the national human capital structure is gradually changing from single-type to complex-type, which is in line with the requirements of the regional creativity development.IV. The dissertation holds that the relationship of modern regional economy development and regional science and technology creativity ability is getting closer. Science and technology, as the primary factor of productive force, has a direct and far-reaching impact on the regional economy development. The great-leap-forward development of productivity lies on the development and progress of science and technology. Building up a framework for scientific and technological renovation is not only the guarantees to promote scientific and technological innovation, but also the climate to create the innovation ability. During these process, the subject are enterprise, government, high-level universities, scientific research institution and intermediary organizaitons, which are organizations possessing a certain number of high-quality personnels. Due to the exterior-effect of human resources, the industrial renovation ability requires talents concentration, foundation of scientific and technological zones, and highly regionalizaiton development of advanced education. All of these can both strengthen the exterior-effect of human resources, push the accumulation of talents, and promote the knowledge creation ability, information acquisition ability and enterprise technology advancing ability, then, the regional scientific and technological innovation ability.V. The dissertation argues that regional environment creativity is an important guarantee for the construction of regional creativity. Since the entity of regional innovation has been transformed from the traditional linearity into network-like interaction, a compatible regional social climate is essential. So the effect of regional environment on innovation changes from implicit to explicit. The establishment of a regional environment should lay stress on the improvement of both hard and soft climate, and pay attention to regional social culture climate, legal system climate and people-oriented climate. Generally, the developed areas don't necessarily have strong climate innovation ability, but stronger climate creativity capacity can promote the regional great-leap-forward development. It points out the construction of a people-oriented regional environment and a standardized service-oriented government administration environment can realize the efficient allocation of regional talents, and can bring talents to full play, so that the harmonious development of regional economy, population and society can be rapidly achieved. Thus, the quality of workforce is, namely, the level of education, which is an important factor for the construction of regional climate innovation.VI. The dissertation proposes a regional talents strategy to realize the elevation of regional creativity by transforming human resources to human capital, under the strategy of "building a powerful china with talents" in the 11th Five-Year Program, combining the "independent-innovation" strategy from the 6th session of the 16th Central Committee of the Party. The dissertation says, for regional development, human resources is just a kind of potential social source. Only when this source is converted into human capital, can this social resource become the practical economy resource, can the innovation capacity be promoted. Human can be accumulated and flowed. The accumulation can improve the ability of knowledge creation, acquisition, assimilation and renovation, while flowing of human can be benefit for the expansion of technology, and lessen the regional gap of renovation. Therefore, the regional personnel strategy can break the place restrictions: first, the talents accumulation can be achieved by education investment; on the other side, inspration of potential human and promotion of human capital productivity can be stimulated by certain incentive mechanism and other competition system; the third, by bringing in cross-regional personnels, multi-skill human capital structure can be established, and the comprehensive innovation ability will be improved. The dissertation also states that: building up knowledge-based area is the consequence of "building a powerful china with talents"strategy. There is interaction between the accumulation of human capital and building of knowledge-based area.In the last part, taking Chengdu and other 14 sub-provincial cities for instance, the dissertation analyzes the human resources system and environment problems which affect the creativity of Chengdu, which is rich in human resources. However, the accumulation of human capital in Chengdu is not enough, and convertion from human resources to human capital falls behind. Although, the basic scientific foundation here is not bad, the ability of science application is weak, and industry technological level can not match. All of these hinder the progress of the elevation of innovation capacity and the integration of urban and rural areas, also, to some extent, hinder the great-leap-forward development of the city. The dissertation further analyzes the mechanism of fostering talented persons and climate of innovation of Chengdu, and points out that, the imbalance of human capital structure, irrationality of mechanism and restrain of talents development climate and some other factors slow down the accumulation of human capital and cut down the efficiency. And it sets up the direction and policy objectives of the convertion of human resources to human capital of Chengdu.