Research On Mao Zedong's Thought Of "Three Dimensional Rural Issues"

Mao Zedong, the founder of the People's Republic of China, placed so great an emphasis on"Three Dimensional Rural Issues"that he created his own distinctive thoughts of such kind through his practice in the Chinese Revolution and construction over half a century in an effort to solve these issues. No matter what achievements and difficulties have been in dealing with the issues, they all can be interpreted and enlightened through Mao's train of thought and recognition of the issues. Guided by the theories of Marxism, Leininism, Mao Zedong's Thought, Deng Xiaoping's Theory and Jiang Zemin's Great Thought---"Three Represents", and based on volumes of literature, this dissertation studies and expounds, from an overall perspective, the significant influences of Mao's thought of"Three Dimensional Rural Issues"on the great tranformation of Chinese society, both theoretically and practically. This dissertation consises of six chapters.Chapter One offers an introduction. The dissertation begins with a statement of the background, purpose and significance of the subject, then reviews and comments on the progress, findings and defects of the researches on Mao'sthought both at home and abroad, and finally outlines the way and method the author uses and what innovations are achieved in the research.Chapter Two deals with the basic issue of the Chinese Revolution, i.e. the issues of peasants. Through a thourough examination of the practical investigation Mao made in the countryside, this chapter demonstrates that massive systematic rural investigation conducted by Mao laid a solid fundation for his recognizing and solving the peasants'issues. It also presents Mao's scientific analysis of economic positions of all classes and their political attitudes and his criteria for dividing the peasants into different classes. In addition, from the viewpoint of history and realityt, economy and politics, it expounds Mao's thought that the peasants are the main force of the Chinese Revolution, which reveals his recognition of the peasants'issues as the central issue from a strategic perspective. Finally, it elaborates Mao's realization of the importance of solving the rural land problem, sorts out systematically the developments of Mao's thought on the Land Revolution and analyzes the tendencies of land policies towards more perfection and the new changes brought about by the Land Reform. Chapter Three is concerned with Mao's thought of building the rural bases for theChinese Revolution. The rural revolutionary bases were the strategic areas from which the Chinese Communist Party led the masses to besiege the urban areas and then seized the power by military means. This chapter, firstly, reviews Mao's great practices of establishing the rural bases and analyzes the background in which they were built. Then it expounds, with an emphasis on his thoughts of strengthening the regime, economic construction and cultural construction, Mao's systematic thought of constructing the rural revolutionary bases through revolutionary wars. Finally, it explores Mao's thought of the strategic position of the rural revolutionary bases in both ways of recognition and theoretical thinking.Chapter Four explores the roads to agricultural cooperatives. This chapter decodes the sources of the theory and practice of Mao's thought of agricultural cooperatives and analyzes his thinking on the importance of agricultural cooperatives. Also, by quoting large amounts of historical literature and by taking the practical situations of the Chinese socialist revolution and construction combined into account, it discusses the rich connotation of Mao's thought of agricultural cooperatives , analyzes the accomplishments in remolding the Chinese socialist agriculture objectively ,examines Mao's thought of People's Commune and probes the source of his thought in choosing the mode of People's Commune.Chapter Five deals with Mao's thought of the agricultural modernization. Mao Zedong worked out the goal and direction of China's agricultural modernization and advanced its specific steps and ways of realizing the agricultural modernization, thus formulating his great thought of agricultural modernization construction, which has acted as a direct guide to the agricultural modenization construction in China. This chapter begins with a thourough analysis of Mao's discussion of the fundamental position and function of agriculture in China's national economy. Second, it summarizes Mao's guideline for the agricultural modernization --- taking grain as the key link and ensuring an all-round development, developing industry and agriculture simultaneously, and protecting the peasants'material benefits. Third, it analyzes Mao's thought about the ways of realizing the agricultural modernization from the aspects of agricultural mechanization, hydromechanism and rural industralization and of developing agricultural science and technology and rural commodity economy. Finally, it lists the achievements in agricultural modernization gained under the guidance of Mao's thought of the agricultural modernization construction.Chapter Six is concerned with the contribution of Mao's thought of"Three Dimensional Rural Issues"to the development of Marxism. This chapter begins with an overall generalization of the thoughts of the classical Marxist writers about how to deal with the peasants'issues, then analyzes Mao's innovations for Marxism, mainly from such thoughts as of the peasants being the main force, the policy and strategy of uniting the majority of the peasants, the Land Revolution and the socialist agricultural transformation, and finally sums up four historical revelations by reconizing Mao's thought of"Three Dimensional Rural Issues"and by applying his thought to the construction of the new socialist countryside.