| This dissertation holds the view that rural industrialization is a sure way to solve the problem of"Three Rural"(agriculture, rural-areas and peasantry). By expounding related theories about industrialization and rural industrialization, analyzing problems existing in the development of rural industry and probing into the strategic choice of urbanization in China, the paper points out that regional rural industrialization is one mode to facilitate the whole process of industrialization. The author tries to give an answer to three significant questions: what is rural industrialization, why does China choose the way and what kind of road China will choose to realize rural industrialization?Through an inquiry into related theories, the author points out that rural industrialization is to promote industrialization in rural areas. It is a crucial part of our country's industrialization project, also an important process to deepen the use of rural resources when business efficiency is improving and market potential is enlarging. Along with the development of rural industrialization, there will take place a basic change in industrial structure, employment structure, population distribution and the mode of economic increase in rural areas.Since 1958, China has achieved a lot in rural industrialization in the past 50 years. It has become the engine of China's economic increase during the opening and reform period by increasing social supply, providing 130 million new jobs and promoting the shift of surplus workforce. At present, the process of rural industrialization is slowing down; rural industries are not competitive enough and can not provide enough work posts. It seems that rural industries can no longer shoulder the task of shifting rural surplus workforce, which has aroused self-examination among people about the future of rural industrialization. This paper holds that rural industrialization is the only mode to promote China's economic increase and deal with the problem of increasing surplus workforce. Kept within the bound of total natural resource and its distribution, China has to adopt the mode of regional rural industrialization, promoting the shift from quantitative scattered and extensive rural industrialization to qualitative regional and intensive rural industrialization. At the same time, the development of regional rural industrialization will facilitate the expansion of town groups, realizing the strategic shift of China's urbanization.The ultimate purpose of the paper is to investigate the real practice of China's regional rural industrialization. The ability of per unit capital to provide employment, increase income (worker's income) and profit in Yangtze River Delta Areas and ZhuJiang River Delta Areas is much higher than other areas. Meanwhile, the paper also makes an analysis of the conditions to promote regional rural industrialization, pointing out that the Yangtze River Delta Areas, Zhujiang River Delta Areas, the Ring Bohai Areas, Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Areas and the Economic Areas of the Western Bank of Taiwan Straits can form a macro mode of China's regional rural industrialization.This dissertation consists of five chapters as follow:The first chapter makes clear such basic concepts as industry and industrialization. This part firstly traces back to various definitions of industrialization at home and abroad, and makes a classification of them, then puts forward the concept of rural industrialization. It indicates industrialization in rural areas; it is an important part of the whole project of our country's industrialization, and also a process to facilitate the extensive and sustainable development of non-agricultural industries and optimize the use of natural resources under the circumstance of increasing transaction and prosperous market.The second chapter expounds why China must choose the road of rural industrialization to solve the problem of"Three Rural". The significance of rural industrialization in solving the problem unfolds in the following two aspects: on one hand to expand economic development of rural areas, on the other hand to promote the shift of surplus workforce. The expansion of rural industrialization will spur the readjustment of industrial structure, the development of the third industry and the shift of surplus workforce as well as extend the economic chain of agriculture. Rural industries can provide a large number of jobs. Therefore the expansion of rural industrialization is a crucial way to digest the 150 million surplus workforces, facing the heavy pressure of employment in towns. The third chapter makes an analysis of the status quo of rural industrialization. This part firstly compares the development of rural industrialization before and after the reform and opening period and seeks for the 4 crucial reasons of its expansion: rich resource of organization, cheap workforce, shortage of product market and the increasing output of grain. The part also digs out the three problems existing in rural industrialization: the destruction and pollution of biological environment, the loose layout of industries and numerous duplicated projects. Finally, this part emphasizes the significance of rural industrialization in China and points out that the process should never be given up because of various obstacles.The fourth chapter makes a practical analysis of rural industrialization in China based on above theoretical basis. Kept within the bound of total natural resource and its distribution and the strategic choice of cities, it is of necessity to adopt the mode of regional rural industrialization to promote extensive and sustainable development. Firstly, this part analyzes the change of cultivated land in the process of rural industrialization and holds the view that during the fastest four period of sharp decline in land, three of them are related to rural industrialization. The distribution of land and water resources are not balanced; thus, in order to guarantee the output of grain, industrial land and water use should give way to that of agriculture. Secondly, this part makes an analysis of the spatial alternatives of shifting surplus workforce: big cities, towns and counties, town groups on special areas. The collective development of rural industry in a special area would promote the expansion of regional town groups and the shift of a large number of surplus workforces. This would become the main channel of shifting surplus workforce.Then this paper touches on the practice of rural industrialization after pointing out the modes of it. This part adopts three types (altogether 13) indexes to analyze rural industrialization in Yangtze River Delta Areas, Zhujiang River Delta Areas and points out that the more developed regional rural industrialization, the higher degree of collective use of per unit capital. The ability of per unit capital to provide employment, increase income (worker's income) and profit as is much higher than other areas. Obviously, along with the development of regional rural industrialization, the collective use of land resources will be optimized. Meanwhile, more jobs will be provided if limited capital is invested in a special area. This would facilitate the shift of surplus workforce and the process of solving the"Three Rural"problem. This is the great strategic significance of regional rural industrialization. Finally, this part also expounds on the macro layout of regional rural industrialization based the theory above.The last chapter puts forward the conclusion and some suggestions. Regional rural industrialization is a must demand of the unbalanced spatial distribution of natural resources and the collective development of industry. Meanwhile, it is a must way to optimize the mode of shifting surplus workforce in China. The suggestions for regional rural industrialization are as follow: make optimal plans; choose suitable industries; improve infrastructure; increase the supply of public service and build social welfare system; increase investment of education in rural areas to provide more talented personnel for the project.
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