| As far as the enterprises of supply chain nodes are concerned, they have tosustain a highly safe stock level to guarantee their service level when the demand ofa single node and the order fulfillment lead-time are random. A highly safe stocklevel, however, will inevitably cause the rise of order in the node enterprises, hencean increase of the stock cost of a supply chain. In other words, the service level is atthe expense of the stock cost. To solve this problem, it is vital that the reorder point(ROP) of the node enterprises be carefully chosen.Chapter 1 introduces the background of the present dissertation, reviews theorigin and evolvement of supply chain management, sums up the status quo of theresearch on its stock control and management, expounds the major problems to besolved, classifies its research frameworks, and presents the objectives of thedissertation.Chapter 2 is an introduction to the fundamentals of stock management,elaborating on the principles and methods of the stock control in supply chains,advancing their stock problems, and analyzing the impact caused by the variables ontheir stock considering the information links and the cooperation between theirnodes.Chapter 3 focuses on the multilevel supply chain network of an intensivelyoperated core enterprise, analyzes the features of demands at different levels of thenetwork, advances the relevant coefficients of collaborative forecasting betweenadjacent nodes on the basis of the estimation and prediction of their demand andsupply, suggests the collaborative estimate of the demand during the orderfulfillment lead-time, thus obtaining the ROP of collaborative forecasting, andinferring the stock control strategy of the network from the Bill of Materials (BOM)and the principles of product mix.Chapter 4 studies the stock control strategy of a supply chain distributionnetwork, which consists of a core enterprise, i.e. the manufacturer, multileveldistributors and many branches of sales agents. As far as the distributors in thesupply chain are concerned, its node enterprises adjust their order batch quantityaccording to clients' demands. Under the stable circumstances and structures of thesupply chain, the demands are proportional to the order batch quantity. According tothis conclusion, the dissertation puts forward a new conception of elastic order, by which the stock control of a multilevel supply chain has been examined. Based onthe characteristics of cost changes of the nodes in the chain, the elastic ordercoefficient is determined, hence the stock control strategy of the distribution networkof a multilevel supply chain.Chapter 5 is an overall review of the theory and methods of echelon stock insupply chain. Point control of echelon stock, which evolves from point stock control,proves to be effective when it comes to global optimization of supply chains. By thepoint control, the whole supply chain is divided into echelons according to theirfunctions, and then the cost of echelon stock will be optimized. Based on themultilevel series system, the dissertation suggests the conception of "echelons",which are in contrast to "points", analyzes the features of echelon system by usingthe echelon stock theory, explores the conversion between supply chain systems andseries system, and expounds the stock control of multilevel supply chains based onthe point stock control of echelon system.Chapter 6 dwells on the N-level series system, deduces the point stock level andthe echelon stock level of the serial nodes, and proposes a new method of recursivesearch in strategy devising, by which whatever the initial value of strategy-devisingis, its target value can always be obtained after algorithmic operations. By using themethod, the optimum ordering amount and control strategy of the multilevel seriessystem are deduced.The concluding part of the dissertation is its summary, pointing out theinadequacies of the research, and predicting the developing trends in stock control ofmultilevel supply chains.
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