Study On The Driving Mechanism And Exploiting Model Of Rural Tourism In China

The rural tourism began developing vigorously in China since the middle of 1990s. As a new industry in the rural regions, rural tourism provides new source of income for peasantry. It brings new employments and expedites adjustment of industrial structure in rural regions. It produces active impulsion for the reviving of rural economics, solving the"Sannong problems"(the country, agriculture and peasantry problems), realizing harmony development between urban and rural economics and society. However, there are some problems and disharmony conditions in the development of Chinese rural tourism, such as tourism products losing attraction, environment polluted, relations among neighbors in the rural communities becoming tension. Facing these problems, we have to offer the following questions: What rural tourism do people in cities need? What tourism exploitation can promote development of economics and society well in rural community? This thesis tries to answer the problems offered in the development of Chinese rural tourism through the study on driving mechanism and exploiting model of rural tourism. The purpose of the research is to provide theoretical instruction for healthful development of rural tourism. It hopes to provide exploiting models that can be utilized in the exploitation of rural tourism too.It is used in the research of this thesis the multiple methods that involve tourism sciences, economics, economic geography and ecology. The thesis tries to reveal the real demands of the citizens for rural tourism, the internal moving law of the rural tourism system, the characteristic and suitability of the exploiting models of rural tourism through the demand willing investigation about rural tourism in the distribution regions of the visitors, positive study on the exploiting models of rural tourism in the destinations, documents study etc.The thesis consists of Introduction, Chapter One to Chapter Four, Conclusion. The Introduction states the background, the basis, significance and the content for the research of the thesis, and the methods & means used in the research. The former research literatures about this item are reviewed after that.In Chapter One, some theories concerning tourism science, economics, economic geography and ecology in the research of the thesis are surveyed and appraised, the rural tourism and pertinent conception are discriminated theoretically. The author points out that the rurality is a nonrepresentational epitome of rural landscape and environment. Rural tourism is a type of tourism activity that is waged in rural region, based on rural landscape and environment, using the physical tourism resources and human tourism resources in rural regions as the tourism attractions. The agricultural tourism is one branch of the rural tourism. Although there are important connections between rural tourism and eco-tourism, they have essential differences also. Two types of tourism can overlap together in the developing regions of the countryside.The Chapter Two is one of the keystones about this thesis. In the chapter, it is verified further that the rural landscape and environment are paid highly attention to by people in cities through the investigations of the people's demand willing for rural tourism in 6 cities. The citizens consider that the rural tourism should be natural and unsophisticated, and be sustainable too. They give more attentions to the sanitary condition of the facilities of rural tourism, and have more expectation for convenience and comfort of the facilities of rural tourism at the same time. It is between 50-300 kilometers the distance that the citizens have the most intense visiting willing.Chapter Three and Chapter Four are the core sections of the thesis. In Chapter Three, the driving mechanism of rural tourism system is studied at the angle of demand and supply. The author holds, 1) the rural tourism system is made up of the demand system, the supply system, the support system, and the medium system. 2) The demand is the power that impels the rural tourism system moving. 3) The supply is a force induced by the demand. 4) The support system provides foundation conditions for the realization of the demand and the supply. 5) The medium system is the bridge and ligament between demand and supply. Finally, a model of driving mechanism is built up for rural tourism system.Chapter Four presents exploiting target of rural tourism, and 6 exploiting principles including the government's conduct and support for the exploitation of rural tourism, people in rural communities attending to tourism exploitation and management, tourism benefits allocated fairly, sustainable development, rurality, developing rural tourism according to local condition and innovation, etc. The author suggests that people in rural communities should be conferred the property right of the tourism resources so that they can attain tourism interests from the resources utilized. The exploiting types of rural tourism so far in China are investigated and studied at the angle of stockholders, and 5 types & 12 kinds of exploiting models of rural tourism are summarized based on that. These models are evaluated for their vantage & shortcoming, and their suitable conditions. Finally, two rural tourism destinations are studied. The author points out, 1) the inns managed by peasants have special significance to urban people. 2) The tourism products concerning the agricultural harvest have special attraction to the visitors. The author puts also forward the aspects that the two rural destinations should pay specially attention to.In the Conclusion, the author summaries the main conclusions and innovations of the thesis, indicates the shortcoming of the thesis and the direction for further research.