The Benefit Of The Cultivated Land Utilization And Its Regional Differences

Land is the chief resource for people's life and the footstone for the society's development. History of the development of human society tells us that no matter how advance a country's economy is, it can not change the ancient saying "people's life depends on the grain, while the grain depends on the land". Farmland plays an irreplaceable role and status in achieving food security, economic development and social stability.Since 1978 our economy has stepped into a quick growth phase, our GDP reached ￥1370 trillion yuan, increased by 9.5% over last year when calculated at comparable prices , ranked of seventh in the world in 2004, and this level will be up to the sixth on the basis of preliminary statistics. Meanwhile, Chinese urbanization has also stepped into a quick growth phase, with the urbanization level increasing from 18.9% in 1990 to 40.5% in 2003, and it will reach 45% and 65% respectively in 2010 and in the middle of the 21^st by estimation(Zhang Xin-an, Liu Li,2005). Consequently, it has become an austere fact that the quick industrialization inevitably has led to over consumption of the cultivated land in our country. According to the statistics data, the area of our cultivated land reduced to 122.4 million hectares in 2004 from 131.1 million hectares in 1995. At the same time, along with low efficiency utilization, environmental pollution and over utilization together with the waste , the reduction of our cultivated land has been one of the main factors which threaten our food security today just when the multiple cropping index and unit output of food has not evidently increased. With pressure of the quick development of market economy and the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers in recent years, our grain sowing area has been reducing directly, and so as to the crops. All this leads to the lowest grain product level —0.43 billion tons in 2003, and the lowest level of grain yield per person in resent 20 years — 333kg. According to this, it is the changes of the land area and its utilization restructure directly affects the grain output. It also shows that the grain quantity is the most serious and chief problem in our future grain problems. Our population will increase by 0.3 billion by 2030, and food consumption by 0.12-0.15 billion tons and urban population by 0.4 billion, which will make the total need for grain of our country reaches 0.64-0.8 billion tons with an increasing by 28%-60%,(Wang Zhi-min, Li Li-jun,2002). So...