Industrial Policy Research In China's Forestry

By the forest industry is meant a kind of industry to provide forest products and services through protecting, cultivating, managing and utilizing forest resources. It is the properties of forest industry that determine forest industrial policies with relative stability, contingency, coordination and taking basis on the forest resource policy. Since 1949, the development of China's forest industry can be divided into three periods. In each period, industrial policies had been formulated adapt with economic system and in accordance with major goal of forest industry to promote its development. In comparison with the need of sustainable forestry development, current policies are still unsystematic, unstable and less incentive.Forest industrial development tends to be ecological-orientation, diversification, optimization and globalization. By the analysis of forest industrial policies in developed and developing countries, following enlightenment has been acquired. Forest should be administrated in category. Long-term forest industrial development plan should be formulated and implemented. National forest fund should be established. More public participation in policy process should be encouraged. Policy instruments should be diversified. Financial support and tax exemption should be provided. National forest management should be strengthened. Role of forest industry in rural development should be reinforced.To adjust forest industrial policy, a scientific outlook on development, which makes economic and social development people-oriented, comprehensive, balanced and sustainable, should be insisted. Taking all kinds of benefits from forest into account and putting priority on ecological benefit, should be the guidance of policy adjustment. To expend forest resources, enhance the function of forest ecosystem, enlarge the supply of forest products and increase the income of forest producers should be simultaneously as the objectives of policy adjustment. To raise the rate of return of forestry investment should be taken as principal way to accelerate forest industrial development. According to the supply and demand of different forest products and services, the difference between price and value should be controlled as a basic way to realize the balance between supply and demand and increase allocation productivity of forest production agents. The governmental objectives to maximize comprehensive effect should be combined with the forest managers' objectives to maximize net return.Through the construction in more than 50 years, China's forest industrial structure has changed greatly. It is suggested by income elasticity analysis that secondary industry should be developed preferentially, tertiary industry be developed vigorously and primary industry be consolidated. On the basis of revealed comparative advantage analysis, directions of major forest products are recommended. Twenty six critical issues to obstruct industrial structural rationalization in primary, secondary and tertiary industry have been found and a series of...