Analysis On The Institution Of Agricultural Technical Progress In China

The agriculture modernization is the important content of China's modernization and consists of technical and institutional modernization. Recently, studying on the technical and institutional progress of agriculture is very much, but studying on the relation of the two is very little. This paper attempts to study on the development of Chinese agriculture from this new field.Today science and technology power is the most important during international competition. Regard as a developing country of peasant occupy majority, agricultural technical progress has very important meaning. Science and technology become production is a complicated works. It needs powerful support from institution. The dependent path of Chinese agricultural modernization, one is technical progress, the other is institution creat. Through effective institution to speed agricultural technical progress is a important problem.The paper profound analyse institution factors of Chinese agricultural technical progress. Chinese agricultural technical system has deep planning economic feature. The transform rate of agricultural scientific research is low. The scientific research organization manage is administration style and agricultural technical popularize is backword. The fund of agricultural technical progress is serious scarce. Agricultural technical market is backword. Land institution is not completely reasonable.The changing process of institution must follow the continuity and rule of history, from the lower effective agricultural institution to the higher effective one. The successful changing of agriculture institution results in the income increasing as common. Only the income increasing that is the successful agricultural institution change and goes forward. For a long period, in the process of agriculture modernization in China, the production technology is paid attention to, such as agriculture mechanization, chemization, irrigation. The institution modernization is not paid much attention to, resulting in the not changing of petty farmer institution after the progress of agriculture production technology. In fact, only on the basis of institutional modernization and assisted with the production technical modernization can the agriculture modernization be realized. On the background of Chinese agriculture, viewing the changing of agriculture institution, this paper analyzes the reason of the slow process of agricultural technical progress in China, puts forward the institution benefiting the agricultural technical progress and expounds the countermeasures thoroughly and systematically.This paper concludes that the agricultural modernization develops on the basis of agriculture marketization, no agriculture marketization, no the agriculture modernization. At present time, the lack of agriculture investment has hindered heavily the progress of agricultureproduction technical modernization and the reason is the constraints of institution. That the scientific invention and technical innovation confront great uncertainty need the long term individual continue struggle and great investment from firms and country. Either the inductive technology changing or the compulsory one, only the foundation of effective institution can attract the long- term investment. The research of present economy proves that the competitive market accelerates the technical development and innovation.This paper analyzes the common pattern and diving pattern of agricultural technical progress in China, pointing out that with the building of market economy institution in China and the strengthening function of resource allocation by market requires the formation the self-development and strengthening inductive technical changing process of agricultural technology. But, in the special period of economy changing, and for the need of development of modern market agriculture, the government should take policy beneficence and economic support to support the dispersal of agricultural technology, that is to develop the agricultural technology by compulsory technological changing.At present, the agricultural development in China faces the financial problem and the rural loan can not meet the requirement of the healthful development of agricultural economy far way, this hinders the agriculture technical progress and the advance of agriculture productive power level heavily, solidifying the two-element economic structure. It can be said that the agricultural technical progress and the advance of agriculture productive power level places a precondition of great capital investment. As to the actual difficulty of finance of agricultural development, this paper proposes that in the development of rural finance, we should build the multi-element finance of combination of policy finance and market finance, correspondence of direct and indirect finance. The policy finance plays a role of instruction, and the market finance plays a role of mainstream. That the cooperative finance unites the individuals and organization weak economically plays an important role in accelerating development of rural middle and small-scale economic organization.