The Study Of The Institutional Change Of Rural Land In China

Land is a resource to support rural governance,it not only as the original thing for farmers' produce but also as the village's internal resource endowments,which support the national strategies and institution practice.The institution of rural land is related to agricultural development,farmers' income and rural stability;it is also related to the sustained and healthy economic development,social justice and stability.Chinese rural land institution has undergone the land reform,co-operative movement,the people's commune and the household responsibility system reform since the founding of country.It is a complicated system device which superimposed on a multi-factor,multi-subject participation and coexistence of diverse demands.This study attempts to analyze institutional change of rural land in long term period.It is based on new institutional economics,as well as on the basis of historical institutionalism theory in the political science.The theory will be used to reveal characteristics and mechanism of institutional change of rural land from the interaction between the informal and the formal institution.The study found that institutional change of rural land showing a three-dimensional characteristic---"persistence representation-persistence generation-persistence dilution"---a stagnant formal institution is persistence representation of rural land institution,the institution environment and path dependence is the inducement of persistence generation while the infiltration of informal institution is a key variable of diluting the institutional persistence.Interaction between the informal institution and the formal institution throughout the process of institutional change,coordination or tension between the two is an important factor in promoting or resisting institutional change.The changing of ideas and ideologies has an important influence to strengthen,disintegrate or construct the formal institution in the fracture nodes of institutional change of rural land.Based on the above analysis,this study strives to refine the mechanism of Chinese institutional change of rural land further.We found that a significant path of institutional change is the shift from informal institution to the formal institution,they dependent each other and reinforcing mutually.Understanding China's institutional changes,we must be able to grasp the upper target value orientation and the needs of grassroots.In practice,there is continuing interaction between the projection of public opinion and the preference of decision-makers.There is no possibility to make institution change into preparation stage of implementation,and ultimately promote institutional change occurs unless these constant interaction and mutually enhance.