The Migration And City Integrating Of Rural Labor Force Under The Context Of Urban And Rural Harmonious

Since the reform and opening up, our country had already made a big effort in the transformation of economic development strategy and the change of dual economic structure. But, in the aspect of the countryside, the agriculture and the farmer question ("Tri-agriculture" question), weak agricultural foundation, lagged rural development and slow farmers' income growth has become the prominent question to be solved. Coordinating urban and rural development and changing the dual economic structure is important to solve the "Tri-agriculture" question. At present, due to the divided labor market, the urban-rural income gap is still very high and expands continually. The basic measure to enhance farmer income and to reduce the urban-rural income gap is to promote the rural labor force transfer.The rural labor force transfer can be divided into two processes, one is the rural labor force find a job in the city, the other is this laborers can settle down and integrate into the city. Therefore, this research's primary goal is to analyze the quantity and city integrating problem of the rural labor force under the context of urban-rural harmonious, especially focuses on the rural labor force's city integrating due to the population age structure change. This research will provide advices for policy makers to promote the economic development. There are 8 parts in this thesis. The main research content and the related conclusion statement are as follows:Part 1:The relationship of economic development and urban-rural harmoniousThe results indicate that, for the past ten years, there doesn't exist a bidirectional and interactive relationship between economic development and urban-rural harmonious in Jiangsu. The economic development expands the urban-rural gap. The research points out: enhancing the rural labor force transfer is the primary way to solve the rural labor force surplus and to realize the urban-rural harmonious. Part 2:to calculate the quantity of rural labor force transferThe calculating results demonstrate that supposing our country can catch up the medium developed country and to realize equal urban-rural income in the mid-21st century, the rural labor force must transfer 6,630,000 every year until 2050, that is a 0.86 percentage point down every year; but if farmers can accept 20% to 30% lower per capita national income than the city people, then the rural labor force must transfer 6,450,000 every year. Moreover, the non-agriculture employment opportunity and cost, the social security systems' difference, the rural labor force's demography characteristic as well as the culture, environment, ecological value of the country life play an important role in the final quantity of rural labor force transferPart 3:to analyze the influence of rural population age structure change on the rural labor force transferThrough population statistic material and the village case study, we find out that our country rural population has already entered the aging period and ever worse this tendency will continue and prominent. Nowadays the left-behind rural labor force are mainly middle and old aged. Compared with the young labor force, these older people have a lower opportunity to get a job in market and therefore are hard to transfer. So with the rural population age structure's change, the aging phenomenon of rural labor force will definitely postpone the speed and quantity of the rural labor force transfer, therefore the key to solve urban-rural harmonious isn't the quantity of rural labor force transfer but their city integrating situation.Part 4:to analyze the city integrating situation of the rural labor forceBy AHP, we choose some indicators from the economical, social as well as the psychological aspect to calculate the city integrating of the rural labor force. We find that the city integrating of the rural labor force has achieve half high in Jiangsu Province, the degree of behavior is the highest, next is the value idea, the sense of belonging was the lowest. Most of the rural labor force's behavior and value idea is in the 50%-80% interval, but speaking of the sense of belonging, most rural labor force is in the lower city integrating interval. From the perspective of generation difference, the city integrating of the two generation rural labor force is very different, the city integrating of the first generation is 59.6%, this is 68.3% in the new generation. Thus the city city integrating of the new generation is higher than the first generation. Part 5:to examine the influencing factor and generation difference of the city integrating situation of the rural labor forceThe results from the OLS and the quantile regression method show that the influencing factors of the two generation rural labor force city integrating are very varied. Education, social capital, occupation and the income level plays important roles in the city integrating of the first generation rural labor force, and meanwhile the social capital, income level, education and gender are important factors in determining the city integrating of the new generation rural labor force. Social capital is more important to the city integrating of the new generation rural labor force and education is key to the first generation. The generation difference of the city integrating situation of the rural labor force is mainly caused by their individual characteristic.According the above results, we recommend the following suggestions:enlarge and create more non-agriculture employment opportunities for the farmers; eliminate the institutional barrier and unified the urban-rural labor market; increase public education disbursement to enhance peasant laborer's human capital; Construct a social capital system which is benefit to the city integrating of the rural labor force; consider the generation difference and employ target-oriented measures to enhance different generation's city integrating.