On The Rural Old-Age Social Security System That Is Benificial To Population Development In Gansu Province

The dissertation argues that the Rural Old-Age Social Security System that is beneficial to population development should be built in Gansu Province, and argued the concept, basement and principle of the Rural Old-Age Social Security System that is beneficial to population development. The article thinks that Rural Old-Age Social Security System that is beneficial to population development means when to build the Rural Old-Age Social Security would think of the population policy and induces population to adapt to the development of economy and society. It should be based on insisting present birth policy. And the dissertation believes that building the system is not only necessary but possible.There are two major ways to build it in Gansu. One is "the New Rural Old-Age Insurance System" piloted by the State Council since 2009; the other is the System of Encouragement and Assitance, took by National Population and Family Planning Commission since 2004, which is an important part of the interest-oriented mechanism of population and family planning. There are also other systems which belong to or partially belong to social security have been the supplemental ways, such as one-time pension for "the Two Sort of Family" implemented in Gansu Province, and the Old Age Allowance by the Ministry of Civil Affairs of China.After the implement of the New Rural Cooperative Medical System, the New Rural Old-Age Insurance System started to break the ice of China's long-standing gap between urban and rural areas under various institutional barriers in particular, the household registration system in "Dual Economics". China is on the way to gradually narrow the urban-rural gap and pursue a more balanced development in the perspective of improving the social security system.The implementation of the System of Encouragement and Assistance, have reduced the risk for old age maintenance, as well as guaranteed the long-term effects of the family planning policy as a basic policy while the economy develops and price rises. And it has honored the Government's commitment and reduced the pressure on the work of population and family planning.As to the specific measures for the fulfillment, however, there are clear deficiencies in the New Rural Old-Age Insurance System and the System of Encouragement and Assistance, despite of their remarkable effectiveness and the considerable protection of peasants'interests. The disadvantage of New Rural Old-Age Insurance System is not fully expanded in wider areas. It is still in the stage of piloting and gradually promotion, and has not implemented in the entire province. So the pilot counties made different preferential policies to "Two Sorts of Families"'by their own understanding under the basic principles. The provincial and unified policy consideration has not come into being. There would be considerable discrepancy in future. The gap of different levels of New Rural Social Old-Age Security among different areas in the province might be wide. Which could give a certain impact on the "social" side of the Social Old-Age Security System.The biggest deficiency of the System of Encouragement and Assistance is because it did not take the ethnic factors into consideration. The range of the beneficiaries who can enjoy the subsidy in minorities is narrower than that of Han people. However, the most beneficial policy for the minority families is the project "fewer children, quicker prosperity". The article argues that the goal of the current system designed to supplement the birth policy of "1.5 children" whose objectives are Han people, which leads to a higher fertility level in the minorities. Therefore, it is not enough for the social security of the minority families abiding to birth policy. But, through making two concept:Policy Regulated Fertility Rate and Policy Regulated Total Fertility Rate, the research found the birth rate of minorities in Gansu Province has gotten to the level of the birth rante that regulated.In response to the two shortcomings to be amended, the dissertation has offered corresponding policy recommendations:one is to stress the "social" side in building New Rural Old-Age Insurance System as the embodiment of the basic national policy of family planning; the other is to add "ethnical" side to the System of Encouragement and Assistance and expanding its coverage, which could be summarized as "The Encouragement and Assitance System+Less Children, Quicker Prosperity".Based on the research, the dissertation presents the framework of the Rural Old-Age Social Security System that is beneficial to population development in Gansu Province:the major ways are the amended "New Rural Old-Age Insurance System+Encouragement and Assitance System", the supplemental ways are the other systems, such as one-time pension for "the Two Sort of Family" and the Old Age Allowance, and so forth. Finally, the dissertation has calculated the demands of both policy recommendations.