Theoretical Analysis And Case Study Of Poverty In China's State-owned Forest Farms

State-owned forest farms in China are an important part of the forestry work. They have made an important contribution to ecological development, social stability and the economic growth in forest regions. But they are facing serious problems due to various reasons. More than half of the state-owned forest farms are struggling with problems in resource, ecological balance, economic matters, and talented staff etc. Their poverty not only affects the development of the state-owned forest farms themselves, but also poses a great danger to the ecological security of China. To some degree it also undermines social justice, which is a hidden factor for social instability. Therefore, the study of the poverty of state-owned forest farms is not only conducive to helping them to be lifted out of the state of poverty, but also is beneficial to promoting the country's stability and local people's living standards. Furthermore, it can offer a theoretical support for the further reforms of state-owned forest farms to ensure a sustainable development of forest resources.This research studies the forming factors of poverty by way of horizontal and vertical comparison of the present conditions of poverty in China's state-owned forestry farms nationwide. In this study, state-owned forest census data is combined with the typical survey and questionnaire as a sound basis, with the state-owned forest farms as the research object. The main content of the thesis contains: (1)Explore the changing process of management of state-owned forest farms; (2)Define the state-owned forest farms of poverty and build a unifying poverty index system for the state-owned forest farms; (3)Analyze the causes of poverty and the present situation of state-owned forest farms in China; (4) Propose systematic poverty countermeasures and suggestions for China's state-owned forest farms.Main achievements of this research are as follows:(1) This paper preliminary illustrates the poverty actuality of China's state-owned forest farms. The poverty of China's state-owned forest farms is mainly embodied in the forest resource scarcity, economic poverty, human resource poverty three aspects. Forest resource scarcity is mainly about the following aspects:little growth of forestry area, insufficient capital investment in forest management, the poor management of ecological non-commercial forest, the unsatisfying quality and quantity of forest resources etc. The poverty of China's state-owned forest farms is mainly economic poverty, which shows itself in infrastructure backwardness, single income sources, high asset-liability ratio and harsh conditions in workers'life and work. Human resource poverty mainly refers to the low education level of forest working staff, the lack of professional and technical personnel, the unreasonable professional structure, poor personnel management system, insufficient investment in human resources, etc.(2) The concept of "poverty of state-owned forest farms" is defined and explained scientifically. It means that state-owned forest farms can't have a sustainable development due to the lack of forest resources, economic and human resource, which in turn could be attributed to the history, policies and other factors of those state-owned forest farms.(3) This paper constructs a state-owned forest farms poverty standard index system. It contains a three-layer index system of forest resources, economic and human resources, a seven-layer state system of forest management index which includes the forest ecosystem productivity index, infrastructure index, human resources quality index, etc., and a 23-variable-layer which includes such variables as land utilization, asset-liability ratio, proportions of dangerous houses for workers, percentage of professional and technical personnel, etc. The assignment method is used to determine the indexes weight, and to calculate the state-owned forestry comprehensive index of poverty.(4) This paper systematically analyzes the causes of poverty of China's state-owned forest farms by using factor analysis method and hierarchical analysis. Factor analysis results show that the main factors of state-owned forest farms'poverty are education training factors and forest resources factors. Hierarchical analysis results show that the indirect factors of poverty of our state-owned forest farms are policy factors, management system factors, factors of national forest farms themselves and factors of nature & history, among which policy factors are the major one.(5) This paper proposes some suggestions and strategies for the state-owned forest farms to rid themselves of poverty. What should be reformed and improved are forestry policies and the management system and managing style, the former of which is crucial for the centers to shake off poverty. It is essential to perfect the current system of forestry policy and to formulate relevant policies concerning state-owned forest farms as soon as possible. Furthermore, it is equally important to ensure the implementation of the policies.