Study Of The Emergency Materials Distribution Based On The Demand Analyses In Disaster Emergency Logistics

China is a country prone to natural disasters, earthquakes, hurricanes, ice and other natural disasters which caused huge casualties and property losses, and certainly requires a lot of emergency materials for victims to resolve the basic living, health and epidemic prevention and reconstruction issues, resulting in massive logistical needs. To realize the optimal distribution of the limited materials within the shortest time possible after natural disasters happened, to propose distribution decision of emergency materials in the process of emergence logistics quick response, develop an appropriate distribution decision model system of relief goods and materials needed,which have great significance on establishing mobilization scheme of emergency materials promptly and timely, maximizing efficiency in the use of existing resources, reducing the impact of natural disasters is important.In this paper, focusing on the characteristics of natural disaster emergency logistics, the distribution of emergency materials are investigated based on the needs analysis in the situation of natural disasters, The main contents include the following aspects.(1) Research on the basic theory of materials management in natural disaster emergency logisticsThe meaning and characteristics of emergency logistics, definition and characteristics of disaster emergency logistics are clarified; the basic content of emergency materials management is summarized, tertiary structure of the network for emergency logistics materials is given. The issues of emergency materials distribution are analyzed from the three aspects:the characteristics of distribution, influencing factors and distribution principles.(2) Research on the natural disaster emergency materials demand forecastThe main contents and characteristics the needs of emergency materials are summarized on the basis of the characteristics of emergency materials. Focusing on the demand characteristics for emergency materials and the problems of traditional, the demand forecasting methods for emergency materials are studied. The demand forecasting models of emergency materials based on multiple regression and support vector machine-based (SVM) 1 are established. Taken the earthquake happened in Wenchuan as example, the simulation results demonstrate that it is effective and can afford technical support for conducting emergency material demand forecast. (3) Research on the prioritization of emergency materials needs in disaster emergency logisticsFocus on the problems in the traditional classification management, the new classification method of emergency materials is studied. After qualitatively analyzing of the index factors which impact on materials demand classification, the three key elements for materials classification are pointed out:the materials importance, the materials urgency and the materials scarcity, probabilistic neural network (PNN) and fuzzy rules are applied in the decision-making, the model of emergency materials demand classification is built based on the probabilistic neural network. And an example verify the approach based on probabilistic neural network can solve the classification issue for emergency materials, it can provide theoretical basis for the scientific classification.(4) Construct the emergency materials distribution model based on the disaster needs and priorities divisionbased on the analysis In the key factors affecting the demand for disaster areas, the disaster needs attribute clustering model is established, and thus prioritizing disaster groups, to help emergency materials will be targeted, priority assigned to the most urgent needs of the area. Based on the goal programming theory, emergency materials distribution model is set up on the basis of the disaster area needs and priorities division of, making the whole process of the emergency materials distribution optimal. Taken the Wenchuan earthquake as example to verify emergency materials distribution decision, it proved that it can enrich and improve the deployment of emergency materials in decision-making optimization theory and techniques. After that, the dynamic decision-making process of the emergency materials distribution is analyzed based on feedback control theory.(5) Study on the operation and implementation of the emergency materials distribution decision.Three support system on the operation and implementation of the emergency materials distribution decision are constructed, it includes the organizational structure, information network and emergency logistics rapid response operation; cross-functional emergency organization structure is proposed based on supply chain management, of emergency materials support information support system problems are analyzed and reasonable proposals are given, emergency logistics information system constitutes are discussed and a highly adaptable, self-regulation and fast dynamic response of emergency logistics operation is establish. The issue of the rescuer assignment is studied, fuzzy multi-objective mathematical model based on genetic algorithm of disaster assignment problem is constructed, and an example to validate its feasibility.