Marx's Theory Of Social Division Of Labor And Contemporary Values

"Social division of labor" is an important category of Marx philosophy, and it plays a decisive role when Marx searched for human society development rule. Marx founded systematic and scientific theory on social division of labor in the process of founding historical materialism. It is helpful for us to deeply understand Mark's human liberation theory and human all-round development theory, for us to analyze and understand a serial of problems in present globalization development and current socialism harmonious society construction in China, and uncover the critic meaning implicated by this theory to social reality of capitalism.At present, the researchers of Academic world at home and abroad on Marx's social labor division theory would mainly like to put this theory with establishment of historical materialism together, and highlight its important meaning to the establishment of historical materialism, but pay less attention to the research of Marx's social labor division theory after historical materialism was built. These practices will lead to two consequences in theory:Firstly, it will neglect the significance that Marx's social labor division theory can enrich and develop historical materialism; secondly, it will neglect the fact that Marx's social labor division theory already has important development itself after the establishment of historical materialism.Aim at the above questions, this thesis would like to study Marx's theory of social division of labor from the following four aspects:Firstly, it will integrally review the mental resource of Marx's theory of social division of labor, and illustrate the establishment process of Marx's theory of social division of labor and the revolutionary transform it realized in history of social labor division theory. It will also inspect some people's social labor division ideology and their influence to Marx's theory of social division of labor, these people includes Xenophon and Plato in ancient times, A.O. Smith, Saint-Simon, and Robert Owen in modern history and so on. This thesis is considered that the process for Marx establishing the theory of social division of labor is as follows:labor division conception of classical Political Economy is the starting point from which Marx studied the problems of social labor division. The Germany Ideology is the mark for the forming of Marx's theory of social division of labor. Marx further developed his theory of social labor division in Poverty of philosophy, economical manuscript of 1857-1858, economical manuscript of 1861-1863, and On the Capital. Base on this, this thesis will also analyze revolutionary transform realized by Marx's theory of social division of labor:firstly, Marx began to investigate the problem of social labor division not from humanity, but from production and labor. Secondly, Marx didn't unilaterally curse or praise social labor division, but dialectically saw the functions of social labor division in history. Thirdly, Marx was different from utopian socialist who prated about eliminating division of labor, but he uncovered the realistic bases for eliminating division of labor.Secondly, this thesis will systematically expatiate the basic content of Marx's theory of social division of labor. It will expound the basic content of Marx's theory of social division of labor from three aspects:firstly, it will analyze Marx's statements about the source, historical development and his future prospects to social labor division. Secondly, it will analyze Marx's statement about the functions of social labor division, such as Marx's statement about its promoting effect to productivity, its restricting effect to the form and development of different social relations, and its dual influences to human development and so on. Lastly, this thesis will analyze Marx's statement about the particularities of social labor division of capitalism. Such as the statements about two kinds of social labor divisions of capitalism, and its influence to human development and its historical destiny and so on.Thirdly, it will deeply investigate the position of Marx's theory of social division of labor in historical materialism. This thesis will investigate the position of Marx's theory of social division of labor in historical materialism from two aspects:Firstly, it will investigate the position of Marx's theory of social division of labor in the establishment of historical materialism. It is considered that Marx criticized historical idealism represented by Hegel's philosophy and metaphysical materialism represented by Feuerbach and established the basic scope of historical materialism through his study on social labor division. Next, this thesis is affirmed that Marx's labor division theory will be very useful for enriching and developing historical materialism. This thesis is considered that this important function will be embodied in the following contents:through the analysis to the contradiction of labor division in society and labor division in factory of capitalist society, Marx deeply uncovered the basic contradictions of the capitalist society. Through the analysis to changes of combination modes between labor and capital, laborer and means of production, proletariat and bourgeoisie in capitalist division of labor, Marx deeply criticized capitalist social reality. Through the analysis to position changes of laborer in Mechanized industry and dual influences to human development caused by division of labor in factory, Marx expounded the necessity and reality possibility of realizing people's all-round development and human liberation.Fourthly, it will analyze and uncover the contemporary values of Marx's theory of social division of labor. This thesis is considered that Marx's theory about social division of labor has both theoretical and practical significances in the following three aspects:Firstly, it will discuss this theory's influence to the development of contemporary economics and contemporary sociology. This influence mainly incarnates in its exertion and development in social classification theory of sociology, modern firm theory of economics, and industrial organization theory. Next, this thesis will explain how to recognize the essence of globalization and its influence guiding by Marx's theory about social division of labor. Lastly, this thesis will explain how to recognize social labor division development in modernization cause of current China in guidance with Marx's theory about social division of labor, and uncover its direct significance to Socialism harmonious society construction.