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Research On The Location Technology Of Wireless Sensor Networks

Posted on:2010-11-13Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:J P TianFull Text:PDF
GTID:1118360278976349Subject:Communication and Information System
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Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), which integrates the sensor, micro-electro-mechanism system (MEMS), modern network technology and wireless communication, becomes a hot research topic at the current Information Technology field. The WSN has many advantages such as self-organization, high accuracy measurements, and high fault-toleration, wide coverage et al. Characteristics of low cost, low power, flexible deployment make it more widely applied ranging from the military areas to the abundant civil areas.Automatic Location of the sensor nodes is a key supporting technology in WSN. The overwhelming reason is that a sensor's location must be known for its data to be useful. There are still lots of problems in this technology as great affection by circumstances, high algorithm complexity and power-cost, unsuitable for mobile sensor networks, etc. With the rapid development of WSN technology, its applicatons will become wider and wider in the future. Research on location technology of WSN are of significance both theoretical and practical value.This dissertation deeply studies the node localization technology, and puts forward a series of methods to solve node localization problems in WSN. An application system of WSN localization is developed, which serves for further studying and practical new applications.The concrete contents of this dissertation are given as below:(1) Research on improvement of range-free localization in wireless sensor networkThe traditional DV-Hop location algorithm is improved from two aspects. Through limiting location information obtained in local area, the location accuracy of DV-Hop algorithm is improved and suitable to anisotropy network. Because of the problems of heavy computation, low precision, algorithm invalidation caused by method of maximum likelihood and trilateration in DV-Hop algorithm, imitation method is adopted to computer node position. Simulation results show that the location method has features of low computational complexity and high location accuracy under the same network parameters.(2) Research on the localization scheme based on neural network in wireless sensor networksNeural network is used to estimate node position in wireless sensor networks and the realization steps of localization scheme based on neural network are described. The two classical feed forward neural network models which are suitable for modeling of location, back-propagation (BP), radial basis function (RBF) are analysed and compared in this dissertation. The modeling method using neural network is analyzed from the selection of model, inpute singal and error criterion. The trained neural network can integrate global information of the sensor network as anchor nodes character, nodes deposited, environment, etc. The results of simulation demonstrate that the location scheme can obtain higher accuracy of location estimation, require less anchor nodes and not be affected by NLOS environment and irregularity of anchor nodes radio power.(3) Research on mobile node localization in wireless sensor networkParticle filter is applied to self-localization of mobile sensor node and the self-localization scheme of mobile sensor node based on RSSI is proposed. Mobile node movement model and RSSI range model are analyzed and online sequential iterative method is used to obtain location result. The dentail concrete steps of mobile sensor node self-localization adopt particle filter is designed. The simulation results show that the location accuracy of particle filter algorithm is better than traditional maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm.(4) Application implementation of WSN location in mine monitoring systemTo meet the needs of safe production in coal mine, a monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks is designed. Two-level network is adopted in the system. We construct communication protocols and the most important one is tree routing protocol which combines the real-time transmission of data with routing maintenance. Considering the topographic features of coal mine and practical needs, RSSI-based location system of wireless sensor networks is designed. As a location system application of WSN, it offers a general development platform for reasearch of the future related problems in WSN.
Keywords/Search Tags:wireless sensor network, node location, localization algorithm, neural network, particle filter, RSSI, localization of miners working underground
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