The Energy-efficient Protocols And Distributed Localization Algorithms For Wireless Sensor Networks

With the rapid development of Mircro Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) technologies, embedded computing technologies, communication and sensing technologies since 1990s, wireless sensor network (WSN) has been given much attention by the groups of academy, industry and army corps. WSN consists of low-cost, low-power tiny sensor nodes that can communicate with each other to perform sensing, computing and communicating. These tiny sensor nodes which consist of sensing, data processing, and communicating components, leverage the idea of WSN based on collaborative effort. The features of self-adaptive, ruin-resisitant, easy deployment and low cost, enable WSN to have many potential applications, such as military surveillance, environment monitoring, traffic surveillance, medical treatment, building and structures moning, even anti-terrorism, etc.Recently, the hot topics about WSN and its related fields are focused on the network protocols, time synchronization, cooporate processing of information, control of network topology and node positioning algorithm, etc. In these fields there are two key problems. One is how to promote the network lifetime and ensure the quality of network service which is one of the crucial techniques in WSN. The other is how to get the highly precise locatliztion information of node which is the foundament of seamless cooperation and the key technic of WSN energy efficient by aiding the geography routing. In this dissertation, we study on the energy-efficient protocols and localization algorithms for WSN, mainly focus on the routing technology, topology contral, the high precise localization algorithms and new localization technic.In this dissertation, firstly, we introduce the technology of WSN, the background and significance of this dissertation, analyse the hot topics including the cluster routing protocols, coverage control problems and the self localization algorithms of wireless sensors. Secondly, according to the limitation of current reseach on these hot topics, some solusions are researched:1. On the network layer of WSN, a chain cluser routing protocol is put forward which can effectively prolong the network lifetime. 2. On the aspect of topology control technic of WSN, the distributed probabilistic coverage preserved protocol and the distributed probabilistic connectiviy and coverage preserved protocol are put forward.3. On the aspect of node localization of WSN, a distributed, high localization precision, anchor free and MDSbased localization algorithm for WSN is put forwards.4. On the aspect of new localization technology for WSN, a dstributed localization algorithm based on self organizing neural network for WSN is studed which can locate the nodes directly according to the RSSI.For the new protocols and algorithms mentioned above, the simulation experiments are carried out based on the platforms OMNET++3.3 and MatLab6.5, the experimental results confirm the efficiency and feasibility of ECR, DPCP, CMDS and DSOM-RSSI.