Research On ID Assignment Mechanism Of Wireless Sensor Networks

With the development of technology and the need for practical applications,wireless sensor networks,emerging as a hot research area recent years,widely used in military,commercial, medical,environmental protection and disaster rescue and many other important areas,has become an active research branch of computer science.Since the power of sensor node is very limited,energy-efficiency has become an important indicator for measuring the performance of sensor networks.Comparing with processing and sensing process,communication process consumes the vast majority of sensor nodes energy.And in relation to the data merging technology, the data transfer control domain,specially the node's address,consumes more energy.Therefore, reducing energy consumption of node's address is very important for lowering the power consumption and extending the lifetime of sensor networks.The research works presented in this dissertation are mainly concentrated on how to design and implement efficient address assigmnent mechanism.First of all,in order to reduce the energy consume of MAC address assignment in sensor networks,a novel MAC address assignment algorithm based on static game model is proposed. The algorithm,called MAAS(MAC Address Assignment based on Static game),modeled sensor nodes as players in the game model.Each node intended to be assigned an address that is different with addresses of its two-hop neighbor nodes.So the node will be assigned a locally unique address,while the address assignment game model achieved Nash equilibrium.MAAS solved the address assignment problem based on the Nash equilibrium in the game model.Taking advantage of that each node in game model can choose its address independently,MAAS avoided sending too many messages.Compared to Proactive assignment algorithm,CMAA reduces the communication overhead for MAC address assignment by 62%;while the collision probability is about 61%lower than Proactive assignment algorithm.Secondly,to reduce the transmission overhead due to inappropriate MAC address assignment,a novel MAC address assignment algorithm for sensor networks,CMAA(Cooperative MAC Address Assignment)is proposed in this paper.Sensors in CMAA are divided into two classes according to their transmission frequency:frequently-transmit sensors and infrequently-transmit sensors;based on the cooperative model,each frequently-transmit sensor together with its infrequently-transmit neighbors forms a coalition for MAC address assignment.By assigning lager Shapley value to frequently-transmit sensors in each coalition,CMAA assigns shorter MAC address to sensors with high transmission frequency,thus reducing the energy consumption for MAC address transmission.Experimental results show that the communication overhead with CMAA is low and it is therefore scalable to network size.Compared to Proactive and Reactive assignment algorithms,CMAA reduces the communication overhead for MAC address assignment by 62%and 31%respectively;while the average length of MAC address is about 20%shorter than Global unique address assignment.Moreover,starting from the network as a whole,in the address assignment process,taking account of the benefits of entire sensor networks,an energy efficient MAC address assignment algorithm,called EMAA,is proposed in order to solve the optimization problem for the overall efficiency in sensor network.In the address assignment model,the common utility of all nodes is seemed as the welfare of whole sensor networks.Each node is considered as an individual in welfare economics,and the utility function of sensor networks is defined as social welfare function.Sensor node is assigned address based on the energy consuming in its data transfer process.So,based on the solution of social welfare function,algorithm can make the address energy consumption of all sensor nodes more balance.Finally,in order to evaluate factors those affected address assignment,an address assignment evaluate model,based on the analyses of the Energy consumption characteristics of sensor nodes and the model of data transfer,is proposed.The model evaluates factors those affected energy consuming in address assignment process,and analyze the performance of different address assignment algorithm.