Analyzing And Shaping Of The Laser Beams Outputted From The Carbon Dioxide Series Lasers With The Axis-Symmetry Structure

As a kind of special energy source and used in the processing, laser can not be substituted by other energy sources with so many merits. The merits are as following: 1), most of the metal and nonmetal can be processed by laser. 2), as a kind of non-mechanical processing tool, the processed materials using laser won't suffer from tension or damage of the machine. 3), the whole process is basically environmental-friendly. 4), laser processing won't incur the disturbance of electric field or magnetic field. 5), laser processing is a kind of process without any touch, so laser can not only penetrate the surface of the material and do the processing inside, but also process the place which is beyond the reach of the metal tool. 6), the focused laser can be used in the subtle processing of material. 7), laser processing is quite flexible, because the size of the laser beam can be adjusted.Laser processing technology is developing due to the advantages of laser. At the same time, the development in the processing field also accelerates the research of laser. The quality of laser beam is a symbol for the development of laser fabricating system. Laser with high power and superb quality are the two objects for laser fabricating system. High power and superb quality are two objectives for the development of all laser fabricating system. CO₂ laser possesses the advantage of good direction of gas laser. CO₂ laser with infrared wave band is especially suitable for high power laser processing.In this paper, the output laser beams of a new type of CO₂ laser, CO₂ laser with the structure of axis-symmetry, have been analyzed and shaped. The aim is to meet the demand of processing field to the largest extent. Therefore, the author of this paper has done the following work:1, The output laser beams of a series of axis-symmetrical folded combined (ASFC) resonator have been analyzed. With the help of paraxial approximation, matrix theory and interference theory, the output laser beams of near field with two dimensions ASFC CO₂ laser and three dimensions ASFC CO₂ laser have been researched. The corresponding numerical calculation has been done.2, By using of concave-convex infrared lens, the output laser beams from three dimensions ASFC CO₂ laser having nine discharge tubes have been focused, which have been studied. The parameters of optical surface of concave-convex infrared lens which can focus laser beams to achieve the output laser beams with lesser output angle and longer focus field. It has been calculated according to paraxial approximation, matrix theory and step by step searching methods. With the help of the parameters of optical surface of concave-convex infrared lens, the intensity profile of focused laser beams have been numerically calculated. By means of malajustment theory, the several cases with the influence of the malajustment of installing position of lens on output laser beams have been analyzed.3, The output laser beams from three dimensions ASFC CO₂ laser having nine discharge tubes focused by the reflection system with coaxial and having hole, have been analyzed. The reflection system with coaxial and having hole can focus laser beams to achieve the output laser beams with lesser output angle and longer focus field. The parameters of optical surface of this reflection system with coaxial and having hole have been calculated out according to paraxial approximation, matrix theory and step by step searching methods. With the help of the parameters of optical surface of the reflection system with coaxial and having hole, the intensity profile of focused laser beams have been numerically calculated. 4, A kind of CO₂ laser with a special structure of axis-symmetry, hollow cone-shaped CO₂ laser, have been analyzed. Using sub-bundle theory, according to the cone-shaped of circumrotate symmetry of discharge tube of the laser, the output laser beams from the kinds of hollow cone-shaped CO₂ laser have been numerically calculated. Because the performance of beams of inclining incidence on optical system can be described by malajustment theory, the performance of the hollow laser beams focused by lens has been analyzed in terms of integral equation of diffraction in space field.5, The possibility of having the output laser beams from the hollow cone-shaped CO₂ laser shaped and turning them into circular column laser has been studied. Because the output laser beams from the hollow cone-shaped CO₂ laser is of rotary symmetry, the study object can be regarded the same as the research of inclining fundamental Gaussian beams of one dimension which is shaped into a plane wave with certain width and intensity profile of uniformity distribution and its optical axis paralleling on Z axis by ABCD shaping system. By applying The Law of Conservation of Energy and the theory of complex beam parameters of laser beams, the complex matrix element of optical surface of shaping optical system can be obtained.