Research On IP Multicast And Anycast In The Internet

Multimedia communications and mobile communications are the two key components of the Internet, while multicast and anycast are the basic mechanisms to support multimedia mobilie communicaitons. The paper studies how to improve performance of the video multicast transmission over the Internet and how to support the mobility of multicast source and receiver, and how to construct the QoS multicast routing to meet the requirements of the multimedia applications. The paper studies the communications model of anycast for relay routing and its related issues. The creativities and contributions are as follows.Firstly, a Stable Layered Video Multicast (SLVM) algorithm is proposed. SLVM adopts cumulative layering to deal with heterogeneity of Internet. A TCP-friendly throughput estimation method is introduced in SLVM for the multicast video stream to compete the bandwidth with other TCP flows fairly. By smooth throughput estimation and rate adjustment, and the appropriated specification of the state machine of the highest layer, SLVM greatly improves the stability of video quality.Secondly, two mobile multicast algorithms are proposed to efficiently provide multicasting in mobile environment. The first is Adaptive Smooth Tree Updating (ASTU) algorithm to handle the mobility of multicast source. With smooth tree transition, ASTU reduces the multicast service break time due to the mobility of the source. The second is Mobility Pattern Based Adaptive Mobile Multicast (MPBA-MoM) algorithm, hi MPBA-MoM, the multicast receivers and source adaptively choose proper multicast handoff mechanism based on mobility pattern, which improves the performance of multicast handoff.Thirdly, the communications model of anycast for relay routing and its related issues are extensively investigated. The communications model of anycast for relay routing is characterized, and three selection algorithms for anycast relay routing are proposed and evaluated. Further, we analyze how the deployment of the anycast relay routers affects the performance of relay routing. We also design the anycast routing and data transmission mechanisms for the anycast relay routing system, which improves the efficiency and reliability of relay routing.Lastly, an Anycast-based Delay-constrained Dynamic Multicast Routing Protocol (ADDMRP) is proposed. The pre-computation policy is introduced in ADDMRP to handle the delay-constrained dynamic Steiner tree problem. ADDMRP constructs thedelay-constrained dynamic multicast routing based on anycast routing, which reduces the cost of the constructed multicast tree, and its pre-computation policy greatly reduces the join delay for a new multicast member.