Research On Key Technologies Of Networking For Wireless Sensor Networks

As a kind of up-to-date integrated systems with the ability ofinformation collection, transmission and processing, Wireless sensor networks(WSNs), have been widely applied in many fields, such as environmentalmonitoring, urban transport, health care, smart home, military defense andspace exploration. Along with the extensive applications of Internet of Things(IOT), it is imperative to explore the scalability and the possibility of fusionamong heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. As a consequence, the keytechnologies of WSNs, such as networking, resource addressing, networkdeployment, and energy conservation, should be studied to overcome the openissues.In this dissertation, our research focuses on the key technologies ofnetworking for WSNs, especially the heterogeneous networking, resourceaddressing, the optimization of node number and network deployment. Themajor contribution of this dissertation is specifically stated as follow.(1) A layered networking architecture in a distributed manner isproposedfor large scale heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, which caninterconnect heterogeneous WSNs in a uniform way without changing theoriginal networking mode of each WSN. The proposed architecture cansupport many services such as information sharing, source querying, dataconvergence and information fusion. The simulation results indicate that thisarchitecture can provide flexible networking with heterogeneous wirelesssensor networks, and it is applicable for application scenarios with gradualnetwork deployment.(2) A content-based addressing scheme, named LBA (Label-BasedAddressing), is proposed for hierarchical wireless sensor networks in a largescale, which distinguishes different classes of data by using digital labels.Furthermore, the mapping relationship between labels and node addresses is derived, so that address-based addressing can be converted into content-basedaddressing, or vice versa.(3) A novel network lifetime model is proposed for WSNs with both gridtopology and randomly distributed topology. Based on this model, animportant metric parameter, RLC (Ratio of Lifetime to Cost), is defined todetermine the optimal number of heterogeneous nodes for WSN deployment.The simulation results show that the balanced tradeoff can be achievedbetween the network lifetime and the deployment cost by optimizing RLC.(4) A RDF (Region Density First) node deployment algorithm is designedfor heterogeneous WSNs. The proposed algorithm can determine the optimalplacement of the heterogeneous nodes in the areas with diverse node density.The network area is divided into some small cells based on both regular gridsand the communication coverage ranges of heterogeneous nodes. The resultsof simulations and experimental tests demonstrate that the proposed RDFalgorithm can perform the rapid deployment of WSNs with obviouslyprolonged the network lifetime.