Research Of Networking Protocols With Cylindrical Transducer In Underwater Sensor Networks

Energy saving is one of the hottest research topics in recent years for underwater wireless sensor networks there has been a lot of network technology and research results related to data processing. Now, the sound is the main communication medium in the underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN), so the underwater acoustic transducer is a requisite component in the underwater acoustic system. The cylinder transducer can be unlimited-horizon and controlled-vertical,so it is the one which is second to the vertical transducer in the sonar system, which is more widely used in the shallow sea.In this paper, we present one network protocol which can be used in the UWSN with the cylinder transducer, build the network analysis model, bring forward the control method used in the UWSN's data transmission, propose the MAC protocol of the given network model and put forward the new route transmission mechanism and node-orientation method, at last we test the validity. The main research contents are as follows:1.We build the communication model with cylinder transducer nodes, define the deployment probability and the transducer probability, deduce the formula which calculates the connection probability between the nodes, and via the relation between the basic parameters of the transducer and the node connection probability, then we conclude that the launch angle of the transducer is the main factor which affects the transducer probability. In this paper, we bring forward a fixed-sparse deployment model used in underwater WSN. For the given area, we can make the curve of the relation between the nodes deployment density and the communication probability through the simulation. For the random dense underwater nodes deployment, we can make the curve too.2.Based on the connection probability mentioned above and the characteristics of the UWSN, we bring forward the MAC protocol algorithms which matche the network model.The first algorithm introduces the connection probability into the RTS/CTS mechanism to build the connection between the nodes;the second one uses the sleep-wake mechanism to cut down the energy-cost, at last we test them through the simulation.3.We respectively propose the route protocols for the fixed-deployment and random-deployment situation. As for the fixed-deployment, we use the shortest-route role and build multiple paths from the source node to the destination node for the balance of energy. To improve the self-adaptability of the route algorithm, we substitute the bad node with the new one nearby when the node is destroyed and it can keep the validity of the route, improve the dependability of the route, increase the throughput of the network. As for the random-deployment, we give the choosing principle of the transmitting node to avoid the blind-transition by the way of each node maintaining the table of the excluded transmitting-node and cutting down the calculated amount when it chooses the neighbor nodes thinking of the node connection probability, the remaining energy,the distance between nodes and so on. At last we show that this protocol can lower the network energy steadily then lengthen the network lifetime through the simulation.4. In this part of the orientation, via the characteristic of the sound wave amplitude and the relation between the connection probability and the distance, we respectively bring forward a position-setting method. The first one uses the relation between the range-decay and distance, then bring forward the formula to calculate the distance. At last we locate the unknown node with trilateral position method. The second one is that we use mobile node and the node connection probability to calculate the distance between the two nodes, we still use trilateral position method to locate the unknown node's position. We test and confirm them through the simulation in the end.