University Disciplinary Construction Model

As discipline is the basic unit for university to carry on the task of teaching, research and service for society, the construction of discipline is the core and ageless themes of the construction of university. With the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country by science, technology and education, strengthening the country by talents, the construction of university discipline is becoming more and more important. This article has systematically made theoretical and empirical research on the construction mode of university discipline, relying on following three projects, those are Research on Chinese Development Strategy of Postgraduate Education, a key project of the tenth Chinese Educational Science five-year Plan , Research on the Development Strategy of Research-oriented University, a soft project of Chinese National Natural Science Foundation, Research on Chinese Discipline Development Strategy of Different- type Universities, a transverse project.Firstly, this article is to establish the analysis framework for the construction mode of university discipline. Taking discipline as the logical Starting point and based on concept analysis's such as discipline, university discipline, the construction of discipline, the construction of university discipline and the construction mode of university discipline, this article makes systematically theoretical research on the construction mode of university discipline, points out that the construction mode of university discipline is a formal pattern to expound the relationship between different disciplines, statically describe one university's discipline scale, structure and level and dynamically reflects discipline formation and evolution. Further more, this article regards the system of university discipline should include major disciplines, core disciplines, supporting disciplines and feature disciplines, establishes the analysis framework for the construction mode of university discipline in the light of breadth, relevance and recognition.Secondly, regarding international centre of science as node, this article summarizes the evolution of university discipline. In the history of the construction mode of university discipline, various elements collided and conflicted with each other, none could lonely determined the construction mode of university discipline. From the Dark Ages, discipline organizational system has evolved from individual, associations, academy of sciences to universities, at the same time the interference body of discipline has changed from the church, government, government and university to government, society and university. With the evolution of discipline and university from propelled development superimposed, coinciding to symbiosis and co-prosperity, university's core discipline has shifted from divinity, classical literature, and technologic, pure science to the coexistence of various disciplines.Thirdly, adopting the combination of deduction and induction, this article analyzes the mode of the discipline construction of world-class universities qualitatively and quantitatively. It's found that, the world-class universities necessarily own certain extent world-class disciplines; the world-class universities have preponderant college of arts and science, philosophy, language literature, mathematics, chemistry, physics, computer science, biology, history, economics, political science and the social science and so on, which have become the major disciplines of world-class universities; the formation of the world-class disciplines is a long and continuous process, which respects the tradition and evaluates the creation, and further more, the interactive process of "learn to learn" and "learn to practice".Fourthly, this article comes up with two different classified criteria about the university disciplines, which based on the breadth, relevance and reorganization. According to the breadth, there are single-discipline universities, multi-discipline universities and comprehensive universities; According to the differences of the core disciplines and the mighty disciplines, the universities can be divided into comprehensive universities, science and technology universities, the literary universities and others.Fifthly, the article also has a historical consideration of the construction of university discipline in our country. It's pointed out that, as a result of the higher educational institutions adjustment in 1952, which leaded to the history of the construction of university discipline dissevered factitiously, offside, not apposition, lack of the university discipline system, the deviation and lose of the university ideas, the construction mode of university discipline in our country exists those problems as followed, the comprehensive extent of discipline is low, the development of various disciplines is unbalanced, which manifested in the deficit of the major disciplines, the singleness of the core disciplines, the weakness of the supporting disciplines and the convergence of the unique disciplines.Lastly, the article proposes the ecological strategy ideas, under which we can select, construct and optimize the construction mode of university discipline in our country. The article points out the construction mode of university discipline is a result which is influenced by many factors, and there is no criterion used to determine which mode is right or not, there is no a model that will be applied in any circumstances. Under the guidance of the ecological strategy ideas, we should take following actions for the selection, construction and optimization of the construction mode of university discipline: in strategy, we should consider the situation to seize the opportunity , expand the comparative advantages to cultivate the competitive advantages, be aware that there are things must be done and things must not be done, cultivate the innovation ability for the disciplines; in tactics, we should seek the path under which there are respective emphases on major disciplines, core disciplines, supporting disciplines and feature disciplines, so the discipline system develops harmoniously.