| This dissertation focuses on the issue of the present farming organization structure in China. The research framework is that, while constructing some fundamental frame of theory for the research of farming organization structure, the study explores the theoretical basis behind the present farming organization structure in China; while probing into general factors hindering the changing of the organization structure, the study tries to find out the deep-seated reasons which made the current farming organization structure incommensurate to the situations nowadays; while studying the changing trend of farming organization structure in modern agriculture, the study suggests a basic orientation for the farming organization structure in this country; while historically analyzing the developing process of the farming organization structure since 1949 in China, the study strives to find out its changing track; then, while concretely analyzing the status quo, characteristic and adaptability of the current farming organization structure in China, the study explores its existing problems and their impacts on the agricultural development; finally on the bases of the analyses above, the study brings forward an innovative ideas, some patterns and countermeasures for the current farming organization structure in China.The main conclusions of the study are listed as below.1. The choice of a farming organization structure is swayed by many factors, such as the level of productivity, the degree of marketization, the arrangement of institutions and the characteristics of agriculture. The development of productivity can regulate the farming organization structure. The degree of marketization brings about the diversification of the farming organization structure. The arrangement of institutionshatches certain type of farming organization structure. The characteristics of agriculture restrict the possibilities to choose among some organization structures.2. The mixture of farming organization structures is an inevitable option for modern agriculture. According to the ways in which farmers associate with each other, the farming organization structure can be sorted into three types: market type, hierarchical type and mixing type. Market type is a very incompact way in which dispersed and independent farmers arrange their production and deal activities according to the market completely but do not make long and effective combination. Hierarchical type is that farmers are combined into an organization, which has a strictly administrative system by which farmers arrange their activities according to superior's instructions. Mixing type is different from the above two. Still as a principal part of the market, farmers combine with each other and build up an economical organization for a mutual purpose. In modem agriculture, organized farmers have great advantages on reduce the degree of assets specialty, achieve the economy of scale, hoist the level of agro technique, quicken the tempo of marketization and helping to achieve the sustainable development of agriculture. So combination is an inevitable trend. But farming has another advantage: the self-employment advantage. This determines that household management is the most suitable way for farming. During the process of agricultural development, the combination advantage becomes the centripetal force that makes farmers combined with each other; the self-employment advantage becomes the centrifugal force that prevents farmers completely from merging into a big enterprise. The interaction of the two forces determines that both market type and hierarchical type are not the optimum choice. Mixing type can not only keep the independence of farmers, but also overcome the limitations of household management. So it is the inevitable choice of modern agriculture.3. Our country's farming organization structure has experienced three periods. Since 1949, according to the alteration of land property, the changing process of China's farming organization structure can be divide... |
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