Study Of Contemporary Chinese Area System

How to breakthrough the space limits between province and county, and achieve central effective management of grassroots is one of the key questions of previous ruling class exploring administrative division in vast territory and widely separated between province and county in China. After the founding of New China, on the base of drawing the experience of existing administrative division, the Communist Party of China established the system of the administrative supervisory commissioner region which was suitable for China, and widely practiced in the country. Sub-provincial administrative region in Xuchang was one of sorts of this regions in the whole nation. This paper makes history as the line, uses the subject-combined methods of history, politics, administration management and so on, cards and analyzes the foundation, development, the intacter system and the stabler running of political organization, and evaluates and concludes its status, function and shortcomings. The purpose of all the work is to find out the developing course of sub-provincial administrative region, and serve for analyzing and constructing the system and framework of local administrative level.In the ancient history of China, the time of commissioner's office located in Xuchang was long. And so this administrative level set——between province and county, had deeply and historically stamped in the people's hearts with the growing feelings of regional belonging, administrative level identificating and psychological satisfying. And on the base of this profound historical origin and accordance, the sub-provincial administrative region in Xuchang was subsequently established. In history, Henan was one of the broad area provinces in the whole nation. In National Government time, in order to overcome the difficulties of province administrating county and strengthen the contacting between province and county, the system of administrative supervisory commissioner had established in Xuchang. On the eve of New China's foundation, according to the governing need in the war time, the Communist Party of China had also set the administrative supervisory region in Xuchang. After the foundation of New China, the administrative supervisory commissioner region in Xuchang has been kept as an administrative level, and lasted till the mid-1980s. After the foundation of New China, the status of administrative supervisory commissioner region in Xuchang experienced the tortuous transformation between"virtual"and"real"with the development of political and economic construction. Before the Cultural Revolution, the administrative supervisory commissioner region in Xuchang always existed as a"virtual"level. After the promulgation of 1975 Constitution, the administrative supervisory commissioner region not only had changed its name to sub-provincial administrative office region, but also legally possessed the formal status of local administrative level, and transformed from"virtual"to"real". After the Cultural Revolution, according to the stipulation of 1978 Constitution, the administrative supervisory commissioner region made a status transition from a local government to the agency of provincial government, which is from"real"to"virtual". The administrative level which was between province and county didn't transform thoroughly from"virtual"to"real"untill sub-provincial administrative office region in Xuchang cancelled in 1980s and Xuchang city which was belonged to sub-provincial administrative office region in Xuchang upgraded a real administrative level——the prefecture-level city, which is between province and county.In the development of administrative supervisory commissioner region in Xuchang, its political organization system adjusted timely with the economic and social development, and became larger and larger. The functional departments of it were established, corresponding up and down, covering extensive fields, having complete function. And its terms of reference became broader and broader with the functional departments'expanding.In the long running course, a whole set of orderly operational procedures and running systems was formed in the administrative supervisory commissioner region in Xuchang. All the work in Xuchang couldn't depart from every important links, such as decision-making, performing, supervising and information feedback, and so on, and the systems, such as the cadre and personnel system, the financial system, and so on. These running links and systems were complementary and symbiotic. They constructed together the running of the administrative supervisory commissioner region.The status of administrative supervisory commissioner region in Xuchang was more outstanding in Henan province if we evaluate from economic status, governing areas, population number, geographic position, grade classification and so on. The administrative supervisory commissioner region in Xuchang was a main way to govern county administrative level in China. It was"virtual"administrative level nominally, but it had made contributions no less than the"real"one in maintaining local stability, promoting economic development, coordinating the relationship between province and county, strengthening central leading and governing, and so on. Therefore, the status of administrative supervisory commissioner region in Xuchang could be concluded as nominally"virtual"and substantially"real". While administrative supervisory commissioner region in Xuchang was functioning, some shortcomings came out, such as organizational structure gradually expanding, political civilization relatively lowering, and administrative level objectively increasing, and so on. Objectively speaking, in the whole developing course of administrative division, these shortcomings were inevitable in the development of administrative supervisory commissioner region, but we could neither erase its status and function because of this, nor make it as a reason of forcibly canceling present few existing region of this kind and its outcome——prefecture-level city in a short time. In a word, the establishment and reformation of administrative division should be embarked practically and timely.