| Development zones are approved by the state council and the provincial government,is set up in a specific administrative area such as economic and technological development zone,hi-tech industry development zone,industrial park and so on.and implement a specific government preferential policies and regional governance.It is also an important carrier to create China’s economic miracle and the main driving space for the development of the socialist market economy.Administrative region is the boundary area for the state administration and hierarchical division,It is the basis of local government setting,which is the main carrier of basic public services.From space,various kinds of development zones are put in the administrative region,and have their own specific management space;From the management mode,the development zone focuses on driving the economic development and service enterprises.Development into maturity,social management services has become a necessary part of the transformation of innovation.Innovation development needs resources and authority,pay more attention to social management,play comprehensive urban functions.Under the drive of incremental reform,the development zone and the administrative region have begun to explore the various type integration developments.This paper focuses on the integration mode and transformation research of various development zones and administrative regions.Type analysis,policy text quantification and Dea-Malmqiust method are used to study the integration of development zones and administrative regions.This paper attempts to combine the practice of development zones with the theory of institutionalism and the theory of resource dependence,and focuses on the three integration models for the development of development zones and administrative zones.This paper discusses the law of the establishment and integration of China’s development zones and administrative divisions,the internal factors and external driving forces of institutional changes,and the development trends and policy trends of development zones.At the same time,it will explore the conversion mechanism of the Administrative Committee of the Development Zone to the administrative district,district administration and administrative trusteeship model.This theory research has important academic significance and bright pertinence,tries to clarify special qualities of development zone,and to give the proper Suggestions and opinions,promote theory research constantly enrich and perfect with economic and social development.Firstly,the research scope of the development zone is defined,and the development zone of this study mainly refers to the national economic and technological development zone and the national high-tech development zone.The development of the development zone is the logical starting point for the study of the development of the development zone,and it sorts out the policy changes in the historical changes of the development zone.The development zone has undergone initial stages of decentralization,policy reorganization and concessional benefits,standardization and generalization,and innovation and transformation of development zones and policy integration.The statistical analysis of the development zone policy texts from 1984 to 2017 shows that the development zone is greatly influenced by the policy-driven transformation;the focus of the development zone policy is from a single investment,export processing to the industrial cluster,The comprehensive function of the city;Governance changes from the local integration model to play a decisive role in the market,and pay more attention to the effective role of the government.The power structures and interests of the central government,provincial governments,local governments,resident governments,development zones and development zones affect the development of development zones.The fragmentation of development zones and the change of complex structures urgently require the integration development of development zones and administrative zones.High efficiency is a specific advantage of the development zone,taking the provincial development zone of Hubei province as an example,the DEA-malmqiust index is used to explore the change of total factor productivity in the development zone in order to lay the foundation for the integration development of the development zone.The objective,structural subject and external institutional relations of the development zone constitute the basic elements of the development zone.The interaction of the objective of the development zone and the interests of the structure subject has produced the main content of the integration development.The main content of the development zone is the economic growth based on the industry and the social management and service based on urban function.The interaction of the goal of the development zone and the external institutional relationship determine the direction of integration.The direction of integration development between the development zone and the administrative region is two,the direction of administration and the direction of quasi-administration.Government direction means development zone will take economic growth based on the industry to and social management and service based on the urban functions of,as equally important.Quasi-administration indicates that the development zone will take the industrial grow as the main economic growth targets.Two dimensions interactive combination of development direction and content,constructed the basic mode of development zone and the administrative region integration development.There are several basic modes of integrating development of development zone and the administrative region in theory and practice:the expansion rights and responsibilities of the development zone and the trustee administrative region in the case of the maintenance of the management committee.The integration unitof the development zone and the administrative region in order to realize the development.The development zone develops into a later mature period and is converted to the administrative region.This research question is about three kinds of basic construction model abstraction refinement,logic of integration development model,the real performance,and to clarify the main characteristics,actual performance and the potential policy risk of different governance modes.The formal administrative region,a kind of intervention-style integration development,embodies the distinct strategic inclination and the governance system of "focusing on the big things".Administrative mandatory,a kind of Dependency integration development,main goal is through the "growth spot" of the development zone the disequilibrium of incremental growth,to realize regional economic development,with a "who children who took" management thinking.The unity of development zone and administrative region,a kind of bidirectional and embedded integration development,aims to construct a cooperative governance system with Shared interests,Shared responsibilities and resources.The formal administrative district integration development model has a distinctive top-level design color.This model has the following characteristics:First,the development zone has a large volume and strong radiation spillover.The development zone in the formal administrative district integrated development model has a higher level of development zones.For example,the Pudong New Area and the Binhai New Area converted into a formal administrative area are all higher than the average national development zone.The area and population of the new area are also incomparable to the general state-level development zones.Both have significant radiation effects on the regional economy.Second,the development zone has become an organic part of the national strategy.As mentioned above,both the Pudong New Area and the Binhai New Area have received the attention of the party and the state,and they have clearly expressed their support for its development and development at important party and government meetings.Third,the central government has given strong support.These supports not only include more preferential economic policies,but also include giving political administrative status to the status of the statutory administrative region of the development zone,and using sufficient and sufficient authority to support the accelerated development of the development zone.The unity of development zone and administrative region is a product of local adjustment of normativeness and efficiency.The development of two-way mutual-embedded fusion is the highlight of the the unity of development zone and administrative region-integrated model.The model has the following characteristics:First,the development zone is a regionally important economic growth pole in the development model of integration of the unity of development zone and administrative region.The government of the development zone is not a development zone,but there are many development zones with different levels and types.The development zones that can enter the district-government unity model are usually strong and influential at the same level.Second,the geography of the development area is close to or included in the administrative area,and the two are in a long-term equilibrium.The boundary of the development zone that adopts the unitary pattern of district administration usually does not span more than two administrative districts.Otherwise,administrative jurisdiction is difficult to coordinate.The administrative district has strong economic strength or a large population.The administrative custody will greatly increase the pressure on social management services in the development zone.Therefore,the development zone and the administrative zone are united to share resources with each other,especially land resources,and share responsibility for common development.Third,the need for resources and privilege in development zones is even more urgent.Driven by the competition for growth,it is quite different from the choice of "guarantee implementation" strategy for social management services.Local governments have strong incentives for economic growth,are very sensitive to the resources and authority requirements of the development zone,and actively take the initiative The model meets the economic development needs of the development zone.Administrative mandatory is the integrated development mode in which the development zone reversely absorbs the administrative region,and it is a kind of absorbing fusion development mode.This model has the following characteristics:First,the strength asymmetry between the development zone and the administrative area.The Administrative mandatory model is based on the development zone,absorbing administrative regions and achieving integrated development.The premise is that the development zone has an overwhelming advantage over the administrative zone.The development zone has the strength and ability to achieve unified leadership of the administrative region,unified planning and integrated development.Second,development zones drive development and administrative area "Responsibility Transfer ".One of the direct reasons for the Administrative mandatory of the development zone is the expansion of the development zone.In this process,on the one hand,the Administrative mandatory satisfies the needs of the development zone’s resource space.On the other hand,the local government took this opportunity to realize the driving development of the expanded administrative area,and also realized the transfer of responsibility for social management services in the managed administrative area.In a sense,this is the transformation or transfer of governance power under the framework of the established local property rights.Third,the quasi-administrative district is substantiated.The development zone is an economic functional zone,and after its development,it has become a comprehensive functional zone.However,the authority of territorial planning rights,land property rights,and social management still belong to the administrative area entity.The development area is an economic entity,not an administrative entity.Through Administrative mandatory,the development zone has gradually become materialized and has certain administrative authority.The development zone still has an important functional status in the future development of China’s regions.Under the circumstances of multiple options,the integration of development zones and administrative regions has achieved multi-model parallelism based on different development differences,gradual trials,and local mature radical breakthroughs.Behind this is the result of interactive integration of target governance piloting,cost-critical driving,and resource assurance driving.The main factors of integration development are the target strategy,cost risk and resource dependence.The integration and development of development zones is an organic part of the national space reorganization.The target strategy embodies the national strategy for spatial intervention,the cost risk shows the rational choice of the power space organization,and the resource dependence shows the autonomous space of the country’s own resource space allocation.From the target level,cost risk and resource dependence,an interpretation framework for the transformation of the development zone is constructed.Based on Western practice and context,the final destination of the future development zone is enterpriseization and administration,but the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics is gradually exploring and piloting a new type of development zone organization:statutory institutions,perhaps it is the Third road of fusion development of development zones. |
