Studies The Fictions Ebbs In Late Qing Dynasty

This thesis studies the low ebbs in literary history. The fictions in XuanTong Dynasty are taken as samples in the study. The main purpose of the research is to find out the characteristics of the novels and their development paths in the low ebb periods.The thesis is divided into four sections:Introduction, China's domestic fiction(1-7chapter), overseas Chinese novels (the end of chapter), appendix. In addition, there are some sections are followed with some "attachments",which are extensions of the topics of these chapters.The Introduction focuses on basic research ideas, the basic concepts and an overview of the novel's typical and atypical operation, for example, how some laws of literature are "deformed" in the XuanTong Dynasty. The "Attachment" is the evaluation of previous studies and the reasons for choosing this subject and finally Concludes with "literary ebb period" research.The first chapter draws the following conclusions:The rapid growth of fictions stopped and fell into an ongoing five-year literary ebb period from Xuan Tong Dynasty in late Qing Dynasty. The reason is the unstability of politics, the unbalanced internal mechanisms of novels, and the novel economic crisis triggered by these factors. Next, this chapter discusses the first "economic crisis" in the history of Chinese novels. The "Enclosure" proposes the proposition of "the third force" which causes the change of novels.And on this basis, this chapter examines the causes for the failure of communication of "the collection of foreign short stories",and then put forward some new ideas.The second chapter regards the pamphlets, periodicals, newspapers as one system and gives the meanings for doing this.The discuss focuses on the "play", the adaptation and the establishment of developing modes, among the three factors in the literary ebbs.The third chapter puts forward a particular phenomenon in early Xuan Tong dynasty through the analysis of data:the ratio between translation fictions and native fictions reversed. Then I examine the underlying causes of this change between the two, and outline the development process.Chapterâ…£, I put forward the formation of "three factions, a group" pattern in theoretical circles in late Qing fictions, and the process of its formation, focusing on how they change and adapt in the "literary valley period ".The general situation is "social group" reluctantly support the scene, but it exposed a tired state; "aesthetic factions" had virtually disappeared; "modernist" theory is new but not welcomed; "leisure group" to find their own "legitimacy",But the theory-building is not prominent.The fifth chapter, I examine the living state of the writers in the "literary ebbs",and point out the "economic crisis in the novel world" caused great psychological impact on their lives.Some writers choose to leave, some chose to stay. Then I examine these Writers who insist writing their literary choices. In the end, Lu-shi'e for the sample to conduct investigations. "Enclosure" is a by-product of the study.The sixth, seventh chapter focus on the texts of works. This thesis divides the novels in Xuantong Dynasty into four types:old novels, "The new leisure novel","review and news stories" and "pioneer experiment" novels. I mainly discusses the characteristics of these works, their evolution and future developing directions; from the traditional novel, judge their status in literature history by compare them with the new novels in "May 4th"period.Chapter VIII discusses the overseas Chinese-language fictions. The late Qing Dynasty Chinese-language novels can be divided into four sections:Chinese mainland, Japan, Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States. In the comparison between each other, I try to outline the late three sections their developing process and the work features, and examine the possibility of the embryo of their "nativity" at that time.