Body Aesthetic. Aesthetics Before The Qin And Physical Problems

This dissertation analyzes the body aesthetics and body-thoughts of the pre-Qin Dynasty by two parts:anterior part and posterior part. The anterior part focuses on the history and internal structure of body aesthetics, according to subject conversion and deepening acquaintation with body aesthetics, roughly divided into three historical stages, that is, the original times to Xia\Shang\Zhou Dynasty, Xi'zhou Dynasty to the mid-Warring States Period and the late Warring States to demonstrate on cognitive processes of the body aesthetics from external to inner, from physiological to psychological, from natural to cultural.In pre-Qin Dynasty, along with the changing of era and aesthetic thought, the evolution of the body aesthetics sense is manifested in the following course: In prehistoric times, body aesthetics consciousness originated in the the religious atmosphere of reproductive worship, reflected in the"rich" as the physical concepts; In Xia\Shang Dynasty, female played the leading role in the body aesthetics, showing a Heroine in"Fuhao", the Witch, female musicians, represented by a variety of female beauty, which one of Heroine"Fuhao"continued the prehistoric era of women's health, energetic and pristine beauty, the Witch showed the intellectual beauty of women in the witchcraft culture, the emergence of female musicians revealed that utilitarian purpose had been making concessions to aesthetic appreciation in body aesthetics, In addition, an analysis of Beauty"character in Oracle and Clementi showed that the body aesthetic sense was still the important basis of the development of aesthetic consciousness in Xia\Shang times, and revealed the historical clues that body aesthetics was changing from a diagnosis of purely form to the inherent spirit; In"Book of Odes"times,body aesthetics not only inherited the aesthetical idea of appreciation of strong body since the ancient society, showing the aesthetic consciousness 's awakening of the face and complexion and the aesthetic transition from external beaty to internal beaty; In Warring States Period, the body aesthetics lift the concept of "fruitful"for physical body in the Spring and Autumn and the prehistoric era and replaced by the concept of "Cellusoft" for physical body, and driven by awareness of male power, "Gaotang goddess" as sex female image was shaped. This course showed the development of body aesthetic consciousness from the rough to the fine. Of course, in pre-Qin Dynasty body aesthetics also appeared non-aesthetic tendency which was characterized with moralism and desire.Approximately starting from the Xi'zhou Dynasty, in pre-Qin dyansty body aesthetic sense appeared the deepening signs that the center of discussing on body beauty was shiftting from the external to inner. In the aesthetic phenomenon, the"a person judged by appearance"phenomenon had become a social tradition, suggesting that the person not only appreciate the external beauty, but also deal with inner beauty. This deepening body aesthetic sense was closely related to image-thinking and idea of shaping spirit by appearance. In aesthetic theory level, there were many abstractfull body aesthetic theory including the study on the relationship between external beauty and inner beauty; but also the aesthetic route of self-beautification from the external to inner through the study of courtesy,music and culture to create the perfect body image.To the mid and late Warring States, constructing the ideal personality beauty had become time's subject with succession of advocating for morality since Xi'zhou Dynasty. Personality beauty is the most intrinsic elements and the final historical link that Chinese people had gradually been finding body beauty in pre-Qin Dynasty. In accordance with "Zhuzi" respective values to shape a different image of the personality beauty, there were: First, Confucian gentleman with the characteristics of relying on Jen and ethics, independence and sense of the rescue of others; Second Taoism hermit with the characteristics of faithtion of naturalism and breakation away from secular society; Three, Quyuan's loyal personality with the characteristics of integrial,lonely,arrogant heart and keeping the sustainable passion to political innovation;Four,Mohist knight personality with the characteristics of deep affection ,bold talerance and upholding justice of vulnerable people; Friday, Legalists officials personality with the characteristics of probity, integrity and strictly complying with laws and regulations to deal with things.These images of the personality beauty shaped by "Zhuzi" respective values were a new groups of personality beauty in pre-Qin Dynasty, following ideal emperor personality shaped in the Spring and Autumn Dynasty. Summarizing these images of personality beauty, we will find natural beauty and moral self-discipline are two dimensions of cultivating personality beauty.Posterior part discusses pre-Qin body philosophy, from a philosophical point of view to deepen the congnition of the Pre-Qin body aesthetics. In pre-Qin era, the awakening of body aesthetic consciousness in the aesthetic field, the spiritual essence of their philosophy, is a reflection of subject consciousness's awakening. According to the triple spiritual connotation of human subject consciousness's awakening, namely, self-recognition, self-awareness and self-fashioning, the pre-Qin body philosophy was corresponded with three aspects:First of all, valuing body, as the ontology of body, are the body's self-recognition of in the things of world, specifically, it contains the ontology of body and feeling pity for life; The emergence of valuing body was closely related to "thoughts inspired by body" in the Han nationality, as well as the cultural turn of the translocation between people and God in Xi'zhou Dynasty, the humanitarian crisis in Spring-Autumn and Warring times.Secondly, body-structuring, as to discuss body from perspective of gas,was the self- cognition of the inherent nature and constitutional elements of life. On the ideological context of "gas-ontology"and"gasification"in pre-Qin dynasty, gas was samely considered as the base of life. Because gas contains the intrinsic unity of material life and spiritual life, it formed a "body - gas - heart", as one thought of physical and mental structure with characteristics of this unique Chinese culture.Finally, cultivating body and naturizing body, as two representative ideal of shaping body,were the ideal of self-fashioning how body dwells on world according Confucianism and Taoism respective values. Confucianism advocates people to cultivate body by studying culture. Taoism recommends people to return nature so as to save body.These two contrast and complementary ideal of shaping body, reflected the enthusiasm and creativity of self-fashioning and self-transcendence in pre-Qin Dynasty.