Research On The Contemporary Chinese Cultural Ecology

Cultural study can not be limited to or belong to a unique discipline whether in the broad sense or in the narrow sense. Until now, various kinds of cultural study have a common feature: interdisciplinary. This paper studies the contemporary China's cultural ecology problem by making use of the cultural ecology idea established by cultural anthropologists through transplanting the law of ecology from a brand-new angle of view of cultural philosophy. The whole paper has mainly conducted the study from the following aspects:The introduction is the part to summarize the documents, mainly introducing the accumulation of overseas theories related to the cultural ecology research, present research situation of the contemporary China's culture ecology problem as well as the research frame, research methods, innovation and the inadequacy of this paper. This part also includes the introduction of cultural philosophy.Chapter I provide the theoretical basis which the whole paper relies on. It starts from the basic concepts, differentiating the cultural from the civilized, the cultural ecology from the ecological culture, then analyzes the premise of the formation of cultural ecology—culture multiplicity, carries on the ecological inspection to the cultural multiplicity, mainly referring to the formation of cultural diversity, the main manifestation as well as the classification and ecological connections of diverse cultures. It analyzes the evolution of cultural ecology successively, thinks that the evolution of cultural ecology includes two aspects: the heredity of cultural ecology and the variation of cultural ecology. The heredity of cultural ecology requests people to insist on traditionally national spirit; the variation of cultural ecology requests people to hold the direction of advanced culture, but there is an emphasis on the individual differences between the heredity of culture ecology and the variation of culture ecology. Because different countries' cultural ecologies face different cultural environments, it is necessary to discuss the economic environment, the political environment and the international environment that have influences on the evolution of cultural ecology.Chapter II focuses on the modern reformation of contemporary China's cultural ecology. First, it analyzes the achievements of China's cultural ecology construction before the reform and open-up policy. It realized the succession from the new democratic cultural ecology to the socialist culture ecology in the early years of the new nation, established the basic standard of the movement of the socialist cultural ecology and maintained Marxist-Leninism's status of "dominant species" in the cultural ecology. Next, it summarized the lessons of China's cultural ecology construction before the reform and open-up policy. The socialist cultural ecology construction lacked catalyst and foundation of commodity economy. The policy "Double Hundred" which maintained the normal operation of the socialist cultural ecology encountered setbacks in practice. "Leftist" mistakes caused the lack of inferior culture of cultural ecology. After the reform and open-up, China's cultural ecology changes with the commodity economy's impetus in economy and the Communist Party of China's cultural consciousness in politics, which led to the modern reformation of contemporary China's cultural ecology. The paper discusses the standard of the modern reformation.Chapter III discusses the patterns of three specific forms of cultural formations, that is, the dominant culture taking the political discourse as the core; elite culture taking the humanistic discourse as the core and the popular culture taking the secular discourse as the core, it studies the internal imbalances and adjustments of the contemporary China's cultural ecology. It analyzes the manifestation of the imbalance of the contemporary China's cultural ecology: the declining concern of the dominant culture, the wane of the elite culture, the spread of the mass culture and the conflicts among the three cultural patterns. The imbalance of the cultural ecology is bound to have adverse effects on China's social stability, national solidarity and comprehensive national strength. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the unbalanced cultural ecology: the adherence to and consolidation of the status of the dominant culture; the upgrading and integration of the elite culture and the guidance and normalization of the popular culture. Thus, it can gain the internal harmony and balance of China's cultural ecology.Chapter IV is about the impact that western cultural may give to China's cultural ecology. Because of the context of globalization, China's cultural ecology construction undoubtedly will be influenced by the western culture, on one hand western cultural may give positive impact to China's cultural ecology; on the other hand, developed western countries relying on their strong strength carried on cultural hegemony to the developing countries, and this sort of cultural hegemony has such characteristics as covert, deceptive, coercive, compound and diverse. These characteristics make the infiltration of western cultural hegemony into the area of China's cultural ecology comprehensive, including the dominant culture, the elite culture and the popular culture. Therefore, when we carry on the cultural ecology construction, we must also establish an effective security and warning system of the national cultural ecology to enhance China's ability of cultural innovation, advocate the socialist dominant culture, carry forward the theme and promote diversity. Only in this way can we effectively resist to western cultural hegemony.Chapter V makes an analysis of cultural harmony advocated vigorously by China from the theoretical vision of cultural ecology. The paper distinguishes the harmonious culture from the cultural harmony which is easy to confuse. It is thought that cultural harmony is the goal and destination of China's cultural ecology construction. In order to achieve this goal, the only way is cultural ecology construction. The dominant culture, the elite culture and the popular culture provide supporting components respectively to the construction of a harmonious socialist society at different levels, but the components can play a more prominent role only being condensed into a force under the integration of the cultural ecology.Chapter VI is about the Chinese characteristics and the world's visions of the contemporary China's cultural ecology construction. Among the Chinese characteristics of the contemporary China's cultural ecology construction, it first studies the differences and associations of the contemporary China's cultural ecology and socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, thinking that the socialist culture with Chinese characteristics is a result, which contains all the achievements of outstanding civilizations in the cultural ecology, while the cultural ecology embodies more as a process, which is an ongoing process discarding the dross and the false and selecting the essential and the true. Only the cultural ecology construction can continue to provide nutrition to the socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. Then, it discusses the personality publicity of the China's cultural ecology in the process of globalization and the unique value orientation in the process of China's cultural ecology construction. In the world's visions of the contemporary China's cultural ecology construction, it focuses on the broad vision of China's cultural ecology construction facing the world, the discourse right of China's cultural ecology construction in the building process of world's cultural system as well as the value of Chinese culture in the process of building a harmonious world.Finally, the conclusion looks forward to that in the 21st century, China will get peaceful developments, and the Chinese nation will achieve the great rejuvenation. To make China become a world power, we must create a modern Chinese culture to realize the new integration of the China's cultural ecology based on the diversity of Chinese culture.