Geopolitics And The Kashmir Conflict, 1947-1974

There are many theories used to explain the origin and development of Kashmir Conflict, but I intend to explain why Kashmir Conflict took place in 1947 and how it had been developing from 1947 to 1974 through geopolitics in my dissertation.The Jammu and Kashmir State came into being under the tension of geopolitics of northern area of South Asia in 19th century. The nation distribution and political construction of Jammu and Kashmir State made the nationalist movement led by Muslim leaders of this state be in accordance with the nationalist movement in India, but acted counter to its Muslim's nationalist movement namely Pakistan Movement in the first half of 20th century. Both Indian National Congress / India and All Indian Muslim League / Pakistan did their utmost to make the Jammu and Kashmir State become a part of their own territory based on geopolitics strategy during the course of Indian Partition. All J&K National Conference supported Indian National Congress / India, but All J&K Muslim Conference supported All India Muslim League / Pakistan in this battle over territory. The mixed effect of the above mentioned two contradictions gave birth to the Kashmir Conflict.Because of the change of Asian geopolitical circumstances, the Kashmir Conflict was inserted into the Global Cold War and became a major battlefield of world geopolitics soon after it emerged in 1947. Since then, it changed with the change of Asian geopolitics situation. The geopolitics circumstances in South Asia had a basic change due to the Bengal War between India and Pakistan in 1971. The effect of this war on the Kashmir Conflict were the Simla Agreement signed by India's and Pakistan's governments and the Kashmir Accord signed by Indira Gandhi and Sheikh Abdullah, they indicated the end of international war between India and Pakistan over Kashmir and Independent Kashmir and altogether became a watershed of Kashmir's history.