Qing Business Dong Policy Research

Academic circles' research into the Dong nationality in an all-round way dates back to the 1950. In the past 50 years, they have scored great successes, such is the research into the name, the resource, religion, literature, drum-towers, wind and rain bridge, social formation, marriage and funeral customs of the Dong nationality. As for the policies in the history that central feudal dynasties Qing used to manage the Dong nationality, as an important part of the policy that the Qing government used to manage the southern minorities, though it was discussed by some scholar, but not many and quite fragmentary. It lacks an all-round and systematic study. This article goes deeper into the subject with the aid of large amounts of interrelated material of records, ancient books, stone tablets stone inscriptions and nationality investigation and so on.There are seven chapters in this article, which is made up of three parts.The first part, Chapter One, mainly traces to the Dong nationality before the Qing Dynasty and Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties' domination over Dong areas . Among them, this article carefully inquires into such problems as the beginning of the name of "Dong", the origin and distribution of the Dong nationality, especially by inquiring into Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties' domination over Dong areas and comparing it with the polices that the Qing Dynasty used to manage the Dong nationality, we can see the width and the depth that the Qing Dynasty managed the Dong nationality.The second part, from Chapter Two to Chapter Six, is the key point. It emphatically inquires into different policies used to manage the Dong nationality in different history periods from the beginning of the Qing Dynasty to the end of it and their different effects. For example. Chapter Two, in Shun Zhi and Kang Xi periods, because the Qing Dysasty was just founded and its social production remained to develop urgently, Qing rulers carried out appeasing policies, followed the system for such a headman from Yuan and Ming Dynasties, managed the areas according to customs, and tried to win people's support by hook. They also gave encouragement to those who reclaimed wasteland and let the people rest and build up strength. This played an important role in making society steady and helping recover economy;Chapter Three, in Yong Zhen and Qian Long periods, by nearly 80 years' adjusting in Shun and Kang periods, feudal political power got consolidated, social economy got developed and the centralization of state power was increasingly being strengthened. The policies used by the Qing Dynasty in the Dong areas were from winning people's support by hook to autocracy. By carrying out the policy of replacing the native leaders with formal ones, Dong...