| The dissertation put emphases on studying the content of Fu written in the Tang Dynasty as well as its artistic style and features. At the same time, the dissertation also studied the cause that made this artistic style and features of Fu written in the Tang Dynasty happen, the study is made from the longitudinal angle of the development of form of Fu and the crosswise angle of social culture of the Tang Dynasty.Extant pieces of Pian-Fu~â‘ written in the Dang Dynasty is more than 300, this number occupies the second place in the number of all kinds Fu written in the Tang Dynasty and only less than Lv-Fu. Pian-Fu written in the Dang Dynasty is substantial in content, and it recorded what the author thought and felt, which got rid of the malpractice of Fu written in Six-Dynasty that is lacking in content. Pian-Fu took eulogizing enlighten by education and expressing one's feelings as the dominant factor. Eulogizing enlighten by education accord with the literary tradition of FU that polish the flourishing age, of course, it reflected the prosperity along with cultural and military achievements of the Tang Empire. The works that expressed feelings revealed the rich and colorful inner world of scholar-officials in the Tang Dynasty, reflected the pulse of times in the Tang Dynasty society. Therefore, the value of Pian-Fu especially was more highly than that of other form of FU in the Dang Dynasty. In addition, some works of Fu which embody the objects, such as Keji Fu and Youyi Fu and so on, displayed the social activity in the Dang Dynasty from different aspects. Pian Fu in the Tang Dynasty basically inherits the style of writings in the Six-Dynasties, paying more attention to antithesis, rhythm, embellishment and allusion. At the same time, it makes some renovation. For example, a large number of interval antitheses, which are mainly four-character and six-character line, were used, direct prose style of sentence pattern was also attracted to a certain extent. That was the new development of artistic form of Fu in the Tang Dynasty. The development clue of Fu in the Tang Dynasty was fromprosperous to decline, then, was flourishing again. Following the style of writing in the Six-Dynasty, elegant style was in vogue in the literary circles of the early Tang Dynasty. Therefore, Pian-Fu almost liked the champion of all types of Fu. Tang Taizong and his officials, Wangji, "Si-jie" and so on, were distinguished writers. Then, up to Middle-Tang Dynasty, because the style of writing changed, Pian-Fu was gone downhill for a time. In the late Tang Dynasty, Pian-Fu rejuvenated. Both Li Deiyu and Lu Guimeng wrote many works of excellence.Lv-Fu? was burgeoning and its influence was greatest in the Tang Dynasty. Extant pieces of Lv-Fu is more than 900, constitutes more half of totals of Fu written in the Tang Dynasty. There were two important factors which bore on the emergence and boom of Lv-Fu, one was Pian-Fu) which is the original form of Lv-Fu, the other was Keju-examination which forcefully promoted the prosperity of Lv-Fu. The structure of Lv-Fu inherited the characteristics of Pian-Fu, laying stress on antithesis, rhythms, embellishment, allusion and so on. Moreover, it is necessary to limit rhyme. Limitation of rhyme was the most important characteristics of Lv-Fu and had many modes, it is the symbol of difference from Pian-Fu. Furthermore, there were careful study and limitation in other aspects such as the length of Lv-Fu, and how to assign a topic, how to reveal the topic so on. The form of Lv-Fu had much restriction which was man-made fetters, so the candidates try their best to represent their learning and literary talent. Because Lv-Fu was taken as course of Keju-examination, the style of Lv-Fu was elegant and grave. The content of Lv-Fu is mainly to eulogize enlighten, to discuss the principle of running a country, and to expound reason. The works eulogizing enlighten often used memorial ceremony and ancient sage deeds to eulogize royal government, especially like to use the sky and the sunlight, lucky symbols, attaching to the saying "interaction between heaven and man", to eulogize the ration of government. The works discussing the principle of running a country expressed one's political view on feudalism rule. Restrained by Keju-examination, these works often spread reason and good sense, seldom had practical views. The works expounding reason often set forthone's opinion on philosophy and the way people conducts oneself in society, its subject mostly came from the classical books, it often followed the timeworn ideas of classical works just like eulogizing Fu for these reasons. Wangqi, Licheng, Xieguan and Bai Juyi were representative writers. In the late Dang Dynasty, both the content and the style of Lv-Fu explored some innovative elements: departing from Keju-examination, returning to literature. These works narrated story or expressed feeling and inclination, so the style changes from elegance to agility and exquisiteness. Wangqi, Huangtao and Xuyin were the representative writers.There were also two important factors which bore on The revival of Sao Fu? in the Tang Dynasty. One is the complicatedly political conflict. Some righteous officials who are defeated in the political conflict, such as Liu Zong-yuan and Liu Yu-xi, used Sao Fu to express their grief and indignation. The other is "Gu Wen movement", the goal of which is to oppose antithesis , rhythm and embellishment. The development of "Gu Wen movement" made Pian-Fu weaker, many authors wrote Sao-Fu and Wen-Fu. The most primary content of Sao Fu is to express agony of the officials who are defeated in the political conflict. Liu Zongyuan, Liu Yuxi and so on, who were demoted to remote district for long time, were indignantly resentful. So they followed the example of Qu (Yuan) Jia (Yi) to express their indignation in their works of Sao-Fu. The men whose official career are rough, such as Han Yu, also expressed their grief through writing Sao Fu. The artistic form of Sao Fu is relatively fixed, it: outstanding symbol is the word of Xi in the sentence. But in Dang Dynasty, sometimes Sao-Fu had the feature of both prose and antithesis.Wen Fu? in the Tang Dynasty consists Fang GuWen Fu and New Wen Fu. Fang Gu Wen Fu imitates Gu Fu in the Han and Wei Dynasties which is famous for loftiness. The representative writings of Fang Gu Wen Fu are Da Peng Fu written by Libai, Ming Tang Fu written by Libai ,San Da Li Fu written by Dufu, Han Yuan Dian Fu written by Lihua, Liang Dou Fu written by Liyu, HaiChao Fu written byLuzhao and so on. New Wen Fu is influenced by Gu Wen movement. Different from Sao Fu, New Wen Fu mainly criticizes the time, which has realistic meaning.Shi Fu? emerged in the Han Dynasty, however few scholars payed attention to it then. It has two kinds of type: one is four-character line, the other is five-character and seven-character line. Four-character line firstly comes forth in the Han Dynasty and could be found in every later Dynasty. It is In the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty when many authors used this type of Fu, the representative writers are Liu Zong-yuan, Li Shang-yin and Lu Gui-meng. Similar to Wen-Fu, its content mainly criticizes unreasonable reality. It is brief and its style is simple and unsophisticated. The appearance of Five-character and seven-character line had relation to Pian-Fu. Pian-Fu written in Six-Dynasty sometimes used five-character or seven-character line, this tendency was strengthened in the early Tang Dynasty. Just then, Chun Si Fu written by Wangbo and Dang Zi Cong Jun Fu written by Luo Binwang emerged, which almost used five-character or seven-character line in full text, that is five-character and seven-character line Shi-Fu. Some Shi-FU discovered in Dunhuang is excellent, five-character and seven-character line Shi-Fu has magnificent language as well as a rhythmic and sonorous tune.Su Fu? of the Tang Dynasty is part of Fu discovered in the Dunhuang. There were more than 10 pieces of Su Fu which can be divided into two types: Folk Fu and Za Fu. The former prevailed in the civilian, it was a product of city residents culture and entertainment, its material came from history or legend and fable. Most of its language is popular and plain but rich in expression. The latter was written by literati, but they consciously preferred elegant tastes to popular tastes, their works were utterly different from normal meaningful or serious works written by literati. The discovery of Su Fu in the Dunhuang literature has precious meaning in the history of literature, which shows that Fu is not all elegant and exquisite.After exploring the general picture of Fu in the Tang Dynasty, the dissertation discusses the development of Fu and the mutual influence of poem, prose and Fu inother two chapters. The development of Fu in the Tang Dynasty has something to do with the social and cultural trend of thought. The literary thought of "Xingji" and "Fenggu" drives Fu in the Tang Dynasty to get rid of the style of writing in the Six Dynasties and shape vigorous style. Gu Wen movement and New Yue FU movement influence Fu greatly, which weaken the position of Pian Fu. The theory of "Outcry against injustice" results in the prosperity of Sao Fu in the Middle Tang Dynasty. The theory of "writing for the time" makes literati care about reality, which leads to the prosperity of Wen Fu and Shi Fu criticizing the frightfulness in the Middle and Late Tang Dynasty. The prosperity of Lu Fu has a connection with the system of selecting official by the evaluation of candidate's poem and Fu. The system of selecting official by the evaluation of candidate's poem and Fu comes into being in the early Tang Dynasty and be formulated in High Tang Dynasty. Although there are someone opposing the system and the system has been stopped for two times, the system is not wobbled, which results in the bloom of Lv Fu.FU, poem and prose have reciprocal effect for each other, which both promotes their common development and fuses the boundary of style.
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