Learning And Governance

At Imperialism age of china ,there was develepment and foundation time about knowledge and politics in Han (汉) dynasty ,it open new mode about knowledge vs politics ,and brought out far-reaching influence to aftertime politics culture.After Ch'in( 秦) consolidated china, it's culture policy arisesed severe conflict to knowledgeable person, conducing "burning books and burying scholars" ("焚书坑儒") . it's purpose was to cut off classical knowledge impart system , and dominating society by cruel torture and law. It brought two aftereffects, firstly, it caused difficulty to culture construct; secondly, the political suppress made the distinction to put an end among the social ranks and the "commons turning into generals and ministers" (布衣将相之局) midwifery. As a result, Liu-bang (刘邦) group constituted Han-dynasty.纠正Foundation of Han-dynasty brought out some aftermaths rectifying at Ch'in politics culture. The first, the Han government began to attach importance to the culture ,which cause "the classics study age" ("经学时代" )to advent, and brought about great influence to the development of politics culture, secondly, although "Han inheritting Ch'in system"(汉承秦制), it more canonized Chou (周)dynasty spirit, namely "Chou Dao"( "周道" ).it was collided with fact politics, As a result, it not only adjusted "the Pa Dao and Wang Dao mixed "( "霸王道杂之" Characteristic politics, but also covered up the foreshadowing to subsequent politics stryppend-down. Thirdly, it was necessity for the Han government to change the Ch'in office-bearers knowledge system. In the course, not only the scholar-bureaucrat more and more became the mainstream placeman, choosing officers more and more attached importance to knowledge, But also the office-bearers' knowledge structure gained advance, the contend and concourse the Confucian literati with office-bearers molded bureaucracy feature in the Chinese imperialism age. Fourthly, the Han government start to thought of Dao-tong(道统), Fa-tong(法统), De-zheng(德政) Fa-zheng(法 政) issues .Other than the Ch'in dynasty , which only took into account political efficacy, the Han government also profoundly consider political value, which greatly affect aftertime politics, and rose unique promotional function to the development of knowledge.In early time in Han dynasty , on the one hand, culture was unbound from Ch'in policy; on the other hand, because government was partial to Huang-lao teaching, which requested wu-wei(无为), the great development of knowledge was left unused a few decades.But Confucian more suit for the development of knowledge and politics than Huang-lao school, therefore, it is necessity of the emergence of "Only honour Confucianism "( "独尊儒术" ) Simultaneously, knowledge was shackled by politics, which work on whole Imperialism age of china.In the process, what deserves our attention is scholars' relation with caesarism. Along with the reinforce of the centrality controlling kingdom in the district, additionally invoking scholars to enter Nei-chao(内朝), the status was break, that the politics guests' prosperous complexion and political custom of the prime minister choosing official, and then, scholars' political interspace was entirely controlled by imperial sovereignty(皇权).In a word, centralized political system confined knowledge and scholars. The scholars political action must be in system, once was likely to become dissident, who would be destroyed. From the meaning, "Only honour Confucianism " isaction of government fostering intellectual, based on ordering knowledge standard. It guaranteed development of knowledge , and also made the interspace independent development more and more straitness. Scholars' connection with politics was so osculation, knowledgemen began to be official or next to be official.When politics influenced knowledge, knowledge also greatly influenced politics in Han dynasty, the primary exhibition was the relation while the classics vs the politics. On the one hand , learning was become official kind, "Only honour Confucianism "declared fina...