War Period Northeast Writer (1931-1945)

The writers of Northeast China during the Anti-Japanese War categoried into two groups:writers in exile and writers in occupied areas. The writers in exile were called Writing Club of Northeast China in the history of Chinese literature. The club was formed after September 18th Incident by the young people loved literature. With their only weapon---pen, those young patriots fought their battles to against the Japanese invaders. In the works of those writers, the suffering of the people in the occupied areas was exposed to the readers. Each word and detail in the novels demonstrated the deep concern and love to their hometown and the hatred to the Japanese invaders. The important members of the Writing Club were Xiao Hong, Duanmu Hongliang, Xiao Jun, Mu Mutian, Shu Qun, Li Huiying, Ma Jia, Luo Binji, Luo Feng, Bai Lang, Cai Tianxin, Sun Lin, Lin Jue. The other groups of writers, though stayed in the occupied areas, never stopped writing. Most of the writers, living under the control of the Japanese, fought with the enemy in their own way, attaked the darkness of the society in implicated way, and denounced the crimes of the Japanese invaders and explored their aspiration for freedom and new life. The writers in the ocuupied areas included Shan Ding, Qiu Ying, Gu Ding, Kwan Mo Nam, Kim Jianxiao, Xiao Song, Jue Qing, Yuan Xi, Chi Yi, Mei Niang, Jin Yin, Cheng Xuian, Tian Bi, Yoon Dong-chu, Li Xu, Jin Changjie. It is noteworthy that, in the two groups of writers, there was a number of ethnic minority writers, whose works were written in a unique way distinctively different form that of the Han Chinese writers. In the writers of the minorieie, the writers of Korean occupied a large position, such as Li Xu, Jin Changjie, Jiang Jing Ai, An Shouji, Shen Caihao, Song TieLi, Jin Dazhen, Jin Zhaokui, Shen Shangbao, Yin Hairong, Shen Lianshu, Snowman. Writers of other ethnic groups were Duanmu Hongliang, Shu Qun, Li Huiying, Ma Jia, Guan Monan, Jin Jianxiao, Tian Bi, etc..There were some similarities and differences between the writers in exile and those in occupied areas. On the similarities, both of the writers expressed their their inclination of anti-imperialism and showed their attitude in writing, creative themes and creative aspects of language that reflects the common cultural identity of Northeaste China. On the differences, the writers in exile and those in the occupied areas chosed different ways to express the themes. The writers in exile, when they wrote works invoved with anti-imperialism, directly attacked the invaders and openly described the scene of the crimes. Different from the writers in exile who called for justice directly, the writers in the occupied areas, in general, "described and exposed the reality" and uttered their voice in indirect way, for instance metaphor and symbolism. In the works invoved in the theme of anti-feudalism, the writers in exile inclined to criticize and reflect the out-dated ideas, social system and the obscuration of the people. In contrast, the writers in the occupied areas, following the literary techniques that developed in the early May Fourth Movement, focused on revealing the dark side of the feudal families and the morbid personality of the intellectuals, yet they seldom criticized the out-dated culture in depth. The selection of the subjects in writing of the writers in exile mainly focused on war, life of the local people of the northeast China and the stories of outlaws. While the writers in occupied areas, though also covered those aspects, paid close attention to the suffering of the people from different social classes, especially the life of the laborers and the intellectuals, which, although the writers in exile also had a glance at, were viewed from a different perspective.During the Anti-Japanese war, the Han Chinese writers and the writers of ethnic minority, albeit sharing many common features in the theme of anti-imperialism and the description of the local culture of northeast China, had distinctive differences, mainly in the genre and the styles that exposed the cultures of different ethnic groups. The Han Chinese writers, mostly, wrote novels, while the writers of the ethnic groups composed both novels and poetries, which related to the literary tradition of different nationalities. The works of Han Chinese writers generally showed the inclination of introspecting, which is related to the culture of consciousness of the Han people. Different from that, the works of the writers of the minorities revealed the inclination of opening, which is related to the bold, direct, outspoken and candid cultures that were formed by the way of living of the ethnic groups.The writers of the Northeastern Minorities achieved great successes during the Anti-Japanese War. Having broadened the limits of themes of anti-imperialism and brought Chinese literature into a new stage, the writers of the Northeastern Minorities achieved great success during the Anti-Japanese War. Their literature works are models of the world's Anti-Fascism literature, and through elaboration of the Chinese National Resistance to the Japanese invaders, they demonstrated the culture of the Northeastern Minorities, and highly extolled the minorities, so that they greatly enriched the culture of Modern Chinese Literature and Humanities spiritual content. They firstly uttered their voice of anti-imperialism and created great numbers of works. Because of their contribution to the modern Chinese literature, these writers occupy an important position, and for the reason they had composed a great number of outstanding Anti-Fascism literature works, they are regarded as the pioneers and main force of the Anti-Japanese literature.