Sixteen States Territory Study

The thesis is mainly concerned with the discussion about territorial issues during the period of sixteen regimes from dynamic vicissitudes perspective. The whole article can be divided into two parts. In the first part, the processes of territorial vicissitudes in sixteen regimes are respectively verified, and in the second part, the author aims to explore regular patterns of territorial vicissitudes during the period of sixteen regimes. For the first part, details in the article are sorted out clearly by means of citing examples and the author tries to clear up the processes of territorial dynamic vicissitudes to reshape the sphere under the reign of sixteen regimes. Moreover, maps for each kingdom, comprehensive maps and tables of territorial vicissitudes are enclosed so that the situations about territory at that time can be understood visually. While in the second part, the author lays great emphasis on theories to grasp the essence of territorial vicissitudes and probes further into regular patterns of it from the logical relations between micro-field and macro-field, as well as space shift and time vicissitude and manage to do theories about history of expanding borders.It is demanding to study the history of that time, because territorial changes were quite frequent, what's more, present historical materials are incomplete. This article mainly is based on some historical records named Jin Shu, Wei Shu, Shi Liu Guo Chun Qiu, Zi Zhi Tong Jian or the like to verify and correct processes of territorial vicissitudes of each kingdom. Some related materials like remains of record Tai Ping Yu Lan, geographic masterpieces in all ages from Wei and Jin Dynasty to Qing Dynasty and other comparisons with related historical data which approximately determine the yearly changing status which is shed light on locations and changes in each kingdom. When comes to territorial vicissitudes, in the essay, regimes are set as objects and time as a main line. According to the characteristics of changing boundary reigns and contents of details, the thesis is analyzed with sections.As far as theories are concerned, we think that territorial vicissitudes are result from interactions between central powers from different regimes, which mainly depend on the strength of core powers of different regimes and the different geopolitical areas between inner circles whose power will be greater along with more various resources provided. Accordingly, each kingdom can keep its own power and even invade more lands. If lacking in resources, the kingdom will be taken up by more powerful regimes and reduced to subjugation. Viewed from political space, in an area, if there are more power resources located in the core region, the more chances can be seized to expand boundaries for national settlers.For those northern minorities who migrate to inland during the period of sixteen regimes, the comparatively independent national core region is shaped, because they live in neighborhoods and have their own tribes. Generally speaking, regimes are founded in national core regions first by minority regimes in the early sixteen regimes. After that, settlers conceive of taking up neighboring central areas and even intend to unify all the land. But in the late of sixteen regimes, some regimes choose to try to maintain the core region in an area rather than to set up own national powers. Then they expand lands around the central area. All the regions regard power resources in the core regions as the capital to enlarge their territory. The more power resources they possess the more land they will control. While many regions have to withdraw from the core regions once dominated by them and give the title to the more powerful conqueror with the result of the long term wars and the increasing acute internal contradictions. Afterwards, part of the territory even the whole of those regions fall to enemy occupation. The constant changes of the sixteen regimes'boundaries have an effect on the then and later China, making the traditional administrative divisions formed in Han and Jin dynasty. Meanwhile, boundaries vicissitudes of sixteen regimes objectively affects the nationality compositions of some core regions.