MRI Study Of Structural And Functional Changes In Deceptive Antisocial Personality Disorder

MRI study of structural and functional changes in deceptive antisocial personality disorderObject To study the structural differences of cerebral gray matter and the activation mode of antisocial personality disorder with deception in truth, false and lie condition by 3D structural scan and blood oxygenation level dependent functional resonance imaging.Method We applied MRI scan to seventeen antisocial personality disorder patients with deception, eighteen antisocial personality disorder patients without decepiton and nineteen age, gender, education years and IQ matched normal subjects. MRI procedure consisted of structural 3D scan and BOLD MRI scan of true, false and lie paradigm. SPM2 was used to analyze the activation difference among truth, false and lie condition in all three groups. The 3D data were processed with voxel based morphometry analyses.The behavior performance data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0.Results After exclusion of wasted data caused by head movement, totally seventeen antisocial personality disorder patients with deception, eighteen antisocial personality disorder without deception and eighteen normal controls were analyzed. Age, gender, education years and IQ were matched. We compared the activaton mode of three goups in true, false and lie condition, and the structural differences among them. The results showed that 1. Behavioral results:The rate of correct response was 94.9% for the APD deception group,94.9% for the APD without deception group and 96.1% for the normal control. There was no significant difference in error rates between lie and truth conditions. The response time of lying condition was significantly increased comparing to truth condition in all three groups.2. In normal control group, left medial frontal cortex(BA10), left cingulate cortex(BA31), bilateral temporal cortex (BA20,BA38,BA39) and right cerebellum are activated in truth condition. Bilateral precuneus (BA31,19), right middle temporal cortex (BA21), bilateral superior temporal cortex (BA21,22), left angular gyrus(BA39), left postcentral gyrus(BA1), left cingulate gyrus(BA32), right insula (BA13) and right cerebellum are activated in false condition. Left precuneus (BA19), right frontal gyrus (BA8,9,46),bilateral temporal gyrus (BA21,22,41,42,38,39) and hippocampus, right precentral gyrus (BA4,6) and bilateral cerebellum are activated in lie condition. Compared with truth condition, normal control group showed increased activation in frontal cortex (BA6,BA8,BA9,BA10,BA46),left cingulate cortex(BA32), inferior parietal lobule(BA40),right superior temporal cortex (BA39) and cerebellum in lie condition. Comparing with lie condition, normal control group showed increased activation in precentral cortex (BA6).Compared with truth condition, the false condition showed increased activation in left cerebellum. Compared with truth condition, the lie condition showed increased activation in frontal lobe (BA6,9,46), inferior parietal lobe (BA40), right inferior temporal gyrus (BA20) and bilateral cerebellum. Compared with false condition, the lie condition showed increased activation in bilateral inferior parietal lobe (BA40), right middle frontal gyrus (BA6,9,46), left medial frontal gyrus (BA8) and left cerebellum.3. In APD control group, left frontal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, right precentral gyrus and right cerebellum are activated during truth condition. Left precuneus, left superior frontal gyrus, right precentral gyrus are activated during false condition. Right frontal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, right inferior parietal gyrus, left hippocampus, left insula and right precentral gyrus are activated in lie condition.4. In APD lying group, left medial frontal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, right occipital gyrus and left paracentral gyrus are activated in truth conditon. Left medial frontal gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, right cingulate gyrus, postcentral gyrus, bilateral temporal lobe and amygdala are activated in false conditon. Right parietal lobe, left frontal lobe and left insula are activated during lie condition.5. Compared with APD lying group, the control group showed increased activation in left cingulate gyrus, right precentral gyrus and right middle temporal gyrus in false conditon. Comparing with control group, APD lying group showed increased activation in bilateral inferior parietal lobule, precuneus, left frontal lobe and left temporal lobe in false conditon. Compared with APD control group, APD lying group showed increased activation in left precuneus, left frontal lobe, left inferior parietal lobule and right cerebellum in false conditon.6. In lying condition, compared with control group, APD lying group showed increased activation in left frontal lobe, right postcentral gyrus, left precuneus, left temporal lobe and right cerebellum. Compared with APD control group, APD lying group showed increased activation in left precuneus, left temporal lobe, left frontal lobe, left cingulate gyrus, right occipital lobe and right cerebellum. 7. In APD control group, compared with truth condition, the lying condition showed increased activation in bilateral frontal lobe, right superior temporal gyrus, bilateral inferior parietal lobule, left cingulate gyrus and bilateral cerebellum. Compared with false condition, the lying condition showed increased activation in bilateral parietal lobe, cingulate lobe, right medial frontal gyrus and left cerebellum.8. In APD lying group, compared with truth condition, the lying conditon showed increased activation in frontal lobe, bilateral pareital lobe, right precentral gyrus, right insula and bilateral cerebellum. Compared with false condition, the lying conditon showed increased activation in frontal lobe, right inferior parietal lobule, thalamus and bilateral cerebellum.9. Comparing with normal control, antisocial personality disorder without deception group showed decreased gray matter density in right inferior parietal lobule, left superior and middle frontal cortex, bilateral precuneus, left fusiform gyrus, left cingulate gyrus and bilateral cerebellum. Comparing with normal control, antisocial personality disorder patients without deception showed increased gray matter density in left superior temporal gyrus and left parahippacampus. Comparing with control, APD lying group showed decreased gray matter densities in bilateral fusiform gyrus and middle temporal gyrus. Comparing with APD control group, APD lying group showed decreased gray matter density in left amygdala, right cingulate cortex and right superior frontal cortex.Conclusion:1. Cognitive differences between deception and truth have neural correlates detectable by fMRI, inhibition of the truthful response may be a basic component of intentional deception, and prefrontal cortex are components of the basic neural circuitry for deception.2. The antisocial lying group was discriminated from others by their special activation mode when lying.eg, dorsalateral prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, precuneus and cerebellum, which may be the neural basis of habitual lying of antisocial personality disorder.3. The activation mode of brain showed no significant difference between antisocial personality without deception and normal contral, which showed that the antisocial factor was not the cause of the difference of activation mode of lie condition in antisocial group.4. There were cerebral abnormalities of antisocial personality disorder, including decreased cerebral gray matter densities of bilateral cerebellum, left superior and middle frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, left fusiform gyrus, bilateral precuneus and right cunes, and including increased gray matter of right middle frontal cortex, left superior frontal cortex and right occipital cortex, these may be the structural basis of antisocial behavior of antisocial personality disoreder.