The Recovery Effects And Mechanism Of Velvet On Acute Liver Injury In Rats

The acute liver damage was a kind of common pathological changes of various liver diseases.A characteristic feature of the pathology was hepatocyte degeneration,necrosis, even apoptosis.Its long-term existence always leaded to hepatic fibrosis,cirrhosis and hepatoma.Therefore,preventing and curing liver damage were the key points of treating clinical liver diseases.Controlling the liver damage in time was particularly important to cure the liver diseases.Velvet has extensive pharmacological action and medical care function.In modern medical practice,the medicines with velvet as its main raw materials gained good effects on treating many diseases.But velvet wasn't used to treat the liver disease.If velvet could be applied to the treatment of liver diseases and the health care,that it could not only resolve a difficult medical problem,but also bring huge economic benefit and the social effect.Some studies showed that velvet had certain repair action for the liver damage,but the action mechanism was still not very clear.In this study,we dealt the rats with CCl₄,APAP,alcohol and BCG+LPS,established the model of acute liver damage,such as chemical,medicamentosa and immune liver damage.By measuring the content of ALT,AST,TP,ALB,TBil,TG in serum and MDA,SOD,NO,ADH in liver homogenate,expounded the effects and mechanism of velvet powder and the EAV(extract by alcohol from velvet) for the liver damage,finally it could build the foundation of biochemistry and pharmacology for anti-liver damage of velvet.1.The main results obtained from studies on the repair effects of velvet for the chemical liver damage are as follows:In terms of protecting the liver cell damage,the EAV(1.0g/kg and 2.0g/kg) could reduce the content of ALT and AST in serum(P＜0.01) obviously.The rats were treated with EAV(2.0g/kg),then the content of ALT was reduced from 204.08±72.00U/L to 55.21±7.93U/L,and the content of AST was reduced from 234.77±7.71U/L to 80.57±10.80U/L;the same effects existed between BIF(71.25±14.06,79.83±11.02U/L ) and EAV(2.0g/kg).In terms of enhancing the function of protein synthesis and reserve, EAV(1.0g/kg and 2.0g/kg) could increase the content of TP(56.94±5.96,59.90±3.89g/L) and ALB(31.80±0.92,31.30±0.72g/L) in serum obviously(P＜0.01),the protective effects was superior to the BIF(37.94±5.80,29.18±2.78g/L);but the effects of velvet powder was not prominent.In terms of improving the liver excretory ability,EAV(2.0g/kg) could reduce the content of TBil(6.35±0.22μmol/L) obviously(P＜0.01) obviously,its effects were as good as BIF(6.33±0.29μmol/L);but the EAV(1.0g/kg) was a little worse(P＜0.05).In terms of improving the liver fat metabolism,the content of TG in each treatment group were reduced;the EAV(2.0g/kg) could reduce the content of TG form 1.03±0.09mmol/L to 0.70±0.12mmol/L,the same effects occurred between BIF(0.87±0.06mmol/L) and EAV(2.0g/kg).For reducing lipid peroxidation of free radicals in liver,the EAV could enhance the vitality of SOD obviously,and reduce the level of MDA and NO(P＜0.01);the EAV(2.0g/kg) could increase the content of SOD(78.75±0.56U/mgprot),and reduce the content of MDA(0.93±0.07nmol/mg) and NO(40.82±3.73umol/L);but the effects of velvet powder was bad.Besides these,velvet could reduce the rat's liver weight coefficient obviously(P＜0.01),but the difference was not significant in each group.2.The main results obtained from studies on the repair effects of velvet for the medicamentosa liver damage by APAP are as follows:For protecting the liver's damaged cell,EAV(2.0g/kg) could reduce the content of ALT(38.38±2.19U/L) and AST(36.75±0.92U/L),its effects were better than that of EAV(1.0g/kg).For enhancing the function of protein synthesis and reserve,the content of TP in each treatment group had a small rise;the difference between the effects(38.17±0.76g/L) of EAV(1.0g/kg)and that(27.17±0.61g/L) of velvet powder was significant;the content of ALB had a big rise,EAV(2.0g/kg) remarkable enhanced ALB's content(29.86±1.00g/L),its effects were the best(P＜0.01).For improving cholestasis of liver,the content of TBil reduced obviously,the effects of BIF(8.27±0.38μmol/L) were better than that(8.59±0.27μmol/L) of EAV(2.0g/kg).For adjusting lipid metabolism,the level of TG in each treatment group was reduced a lot(P＜0.01).EAV(2.0g/kg) reduced TG's level from 1.68±0.05mmol/L to 0.86±0.03mmol/L,the level was lower than BIF(0.61±0.02mmol/L).Velvet could enhance the vitality of SOD in each treatment group, and reduce the level of NO and MDA;inhibit the lipid per-oxidization of damaged liver of rats dealt with APAP,but their effects were worse than BIF.Velvet could reduce the rat's liver weight coefficient obviously,EAV(2.0g/kg) was the better than EAV(1.0g/kg),it could reduce the liver weight coefficient from 6.52±0.23 to 5.64±0.11.3.The main results obtained from studies on the repair effects of velvet for the alcoholic liver damage are as follows:For alleviating the liver's damaged cell,the levels of ALT,AST all reduced, EAV(2.0g/kg) reduced the content of AST from 56.00±2.31U/L to 36.42±1.45U/L very significantly,its effects were the best.For enhancing protein synthesis and reserve of liver, velvet could not improved TP synthesis remarkably,but could improved ALB synthesis evidently(P＜0.01);but the remedial ability of EAV(2.0g/kg) was worse than BIF(29.15±0.95g/L).For adjusting the ability of liver with TBil ingested,combined and excreted,velvet could alleviate cholestasis of liver,the content of TBil was reduced in each treatment group obviously(P＜0.01) after dealt with velvet;the effects of BIF(9.46±0.11μmol/L) were better than EAV(1.0g/kg),was the best.Velvet could inhibit fatty degeneration and adjust its metabolism;the effects were good by BIF(0.61±0.07mmol/L) and EAV(2.0g/kg),the effects surpassed EAV(1.0g/kg) and velvet powder(0.94±0.02mmol/L) in remedial ability.For acuted lipid per-oxidation by alcohol in damaged liver,remedial ability of EAV(1.0g/kg,2.0g/kg) was better than velvet powder,EAV(2.0g/kg) could adjust the vitality of SOD(73.20±0.60U/mgprot),and reduce the level of MDA(1.05±0.07nmol/mg) and NO(50.00±3.19umol/L);but BIF had the best effects.For alcoholic metabolism in liver,the vitality of ADH was enhanced by velvet; EAV(1.0g,/kg,2.0g/kg) could enhanced the vitality of ADH(1.42±0.06U/mg,1.52±0.03U/mg),their effects both surpassed velvet powder(1.11±0.04U/mg).Velvet could effectively inhibit liver weight increasing caused by alcohol;EAV(2.0g/kg) reduced the liver weight coefficient to 4.99±0.23(P＜0.01),have as good effects as BIF.4.The main results obtained from studies on the repair effects of velvet for the immune liver damage by APAP are as follows:For protecting the liver's damaged cell,velvet could reduce content of ALT,AST; effects of BIF and EAV(2.0g/kg) were better,that of velvet powder(ALT:37.17±2.20U/L,AST:50.83±5.92U/L)was the worst.For enhancing the function of protein synthesis and reserve,the levels of TP,ALB were increased;the effects of BIF(38.35±1.31 g/L,27.61±0.65 g/L) was the best,and surpassed EAV;velvet powder was the worst.For adjusting the ability of liver with TBil ingested,combined and excreted,the level of TBil was increased in all groups(P＜0.01);the effects of BIF(7.85±0.51μmol/L) were the best,and surpassed EAV(2.0g/kg).For fatty metabolism in liver,TG's level was reduced obviously with velvet;EAV(2.0g/kg) could reduce the content of TG from 1.23±0.07mmo/L to 0.87±0.03mmo/L(P＜0.01),the effects were worse than BIF.For inhibiting lipid per-oxidation,the effects of heightening the vitality of SOD by velvet powder and EAV(1.0g/kg) were better,it was enhanced to 75.67±1.63U/mgprot and 75.57±1.88U/mgprot;the remedial effects of BIF were the best,and it was better than EAV(1.0g/kg) for reducing the level of MDA,NO.Velvet could obviously inhibit liver weight increasing(P＜0.01) caused by the immune liver damage;the effects of BIF(5.61±0.11)were the best,and EAV(2.0g/kg) was worse,the effects of velvet powder were the worst.