| Background and PurposesIt is estimated by WHO that there were 58,000,000 deaths globally in 2005. The main culprit was chronic disease causing deaths and casualties,especially in undeveloped and less developed countries.In the late seventies of last century, spectrum of disease in China had begun to change.Death caused by chronic diseases has become the first three reasons.With deepening of opening and reform policy,acceleration of global economic integration,multielement transformation of concepts and life styles,and unceasing intensifying of rivalry and pressure,young and middle aged civilians,as the main stream of society,shoulder increasing psychological and physiological pressures so as to adapt the transformation of society and rivalry.However,they usually ignore health investments.It is estimated that the focusing age interval with higher mortality is impending over people from 30 to 40 years of age.It is not until the nineties of 20th century did China begin to put great emphasis on the prevention and control of chronic diseases,with slow speed,however.The reason for the present situation is that there are not comparatively complete data of prevalent status quo,disease burden and health services demands for chronic diseases. At present,except that a few cities in Guangdong Province have carried out epidemiological investigation on chronic diseases in localized civilians,there is a scarcity of information on a whole provincial scale,especially investigative study on health demands for young and middle aged civilians.The objective of our investigative study is to know about the status quo,risk factors,disease burden,and health services demands for chronic diseases in young and middle aged civilians.This will provide background data and policy evidences for purposedly formulation of preventative and controlling strategies,allocation of health resources reasonably,and construction of harmonious health services.Study Groups and Methods1.Investigative group:Stationary population≥15～60 years of age in some cities in Guangdong Province was chosen.2.Methods:Cities in Guangdong Province were classified as developed,less developed and undeveloped ones according to GDP.In these three kinds of cities,10,000 people were selected from≥15 to＜60 according to non-probabilistic judging sampling methods.Investigative parameters include social demographic characteristics,conditions of chronic diseases,conditions of illnesses within two weeks,conditions of visiting doctors within two weeks, social services demands and utilization.Investigative data were input into Epidata3.02 and data bank was constructed.Spss13.0 was used for statistical analysis including statistical description,Pearson chi square test,and Wilcoxon rank sum test\Spearman rank correlation.The investigation follows strict quality control and evaluation.Results1.Twelve cities from Guangzhou,Shenzhen,Dongguan,Foshan,Zhuhai,Huizhou, Jiangmen,Zhanjiang,Zhongshan,Heyuan,Shanwei and Yingde were selected. 8,915 valid questionnaires were taken back with recovery rate 89.2%.2.Status quo of chronic diseases of young and middle aged civilians in Guangdong Province and correlated influential factors(1) The average morbidity rate of chronic diseases is 32.6%,with males' 38.6% and females' 26.6%.(2) The top ten chronic diseases are in order as follows:chronic gastrointestinal tract diseases(9.2%),long-term insomnia(4.5%),dermatologic diseases (4.3%),chronic rhinitis and pharyngitis(3.8%),allergy(3.6%),hypertension (2.6%),dental caries and paradentitis(2.3%),eye diseases(1.7%),long-term lumbodorsal pain(1.7%),and gallstone or cholecystitis(1.6%).(3) Not all morbidity rates of chronic diseases rise with the increasing of ages except chronic gastritis or intestinal diseases,hypertension and lumbodorsal pain.(4) Chronic diseases vary in different professions.Gastrointestinal diseases, insomnia,chronic rhinitis or pharyngitis,and hypertension are commonly seen in intellectual working people.Dental ailments,eye diseases and lumbodorsal pain are common in manual workers.Dermatologic diseases and insomnia are seen in students.3.Disease burden and influential factors(1) The ratio of fundamental medical insurance is only 26.1%.Ratio without any medical insurance is 35.8%.(2) Medical cost occupies≥8%in 10.8%investigative people.43.1%people are unaware of the distribution of their medical costs.(3) Economic income is negatively correlated with two-week morbidity rate.4.Health services demands and utilization (1) Two-week morbidity rate is 26.8%,with males'(24.9%),significantly lower than females'(28.8%).Morbidity rates are highest in age groups 15-19 and 55-59.(2) Two-week visiting rate is 18.1%,with females'(26.3%),significantly higher than males'(16.8%).Two-week visiting rate is significantly lower than Two-week morbidity rate.Two-week non-visiting rate is 46.8%.(3) Annual admission rate is 19.3%.Annual admission rate increases with ages. With respect to profession,city farmer workers and students share the lowest admission rate.Admission rate of men is higher than women.(4) Reasons of choosing medical services in residents with diseases are in order: perfect skills of doctors,close to home,lower in price or good equipments, and good attitudes of doctors.(5) 68.5%of investigative people claim there are medical service institutions within one hour's walking distance.However,only 17.4%and 13.4% people are satisfied with the doctors and community services.(6) Only 53%investigative people can often obtain health care information, mostly from broadcasts and television,newspaper and magazines.(7) 41.9%of investigative people have less than once per year of health checkup. 62.8%residents hope to get regular health checkup services.(8) Health services demands are correlated with age,educational level and profession.ConclusionPrevalence of chronic diseases in young and middle aged civilians in Guangdong Province possesses specificity.Factors like age,sex,profession,economic income, educational level,and so on affect to some extent prevalence of chronic diseases, two-week morbidity,visiting status,health services demands and utilization. Reasonable allocation of health resources and health care should be carried out according to the characteristics of the specific civilians.
|
PDF Full Text Request