| Yunqi Theory is a doctrine researching on the running of celestial bodies, the variations of climate and correlation of biological effectiveness.As one of the unique medical meteorology theories of ancient Chinese,it was gradually summarized through long-term observation of natural phenomena.This theory which was affected by the ancient philosophy and cognition methods,takes the Daoqi theory and the concept of yin-yang and five elements as the philosophical foundation,acts the application of heavenly stems and earthly branches and accumulation of astronomical knowledge as the objective basis,and makes the practices as the testing standard.Yunqi Theory was originated from Huangdi Neijing.Wang Bing from tang dynasty had for the first time recruited the Seven great chapter of Yunqi into Suwen,which has been inherited by the successive generations as an important component of Chinese Medicine.However,it is necessary to further investigate the application value of Yunqi theory using modern scientific methods and statistical informations,because the formation of Yunqi theory had a long times together with the current affairs changes and geographical differences. Thus,the purposes of present study was to explore the relation between weather conditions,major epidemics and Yunqi ratiocination in Shaanxi,and evaluate the applicability of Yunqi theory in Shaanxi Province,which may provide new evidences for researching of Yunqi theory.1.Yunqi ratiocinationAccording to the calculation formula of heavenly stems and earthly branches,the corresponding heavenly stems and earthly branches in their respective years was reckoned.Using the theories of Heavenly Stems recording Yun and recording Qi for Earthly Branches,the corresponding annual Suiyun, Zhuqi and Keqi were ratiocinated and Sitian and Zaiquan Zhiqi were determined. Furthermore,according to the assimilation theory of Yunqi,Tianfu,Suihui, Tongtianfu,Tongsuihui and Taiyi Tianfu were ratiocinated at the year.2.Correlation of Yunqi ratiocination and Actual meteorological dataThe Ground meteorological data of 1951-2005 at the international exchange of Hanzhong,Xi'an,Yan'an and Yulin in Shaanxi province were collected from national meteorological center.It includes the ground mean daily temperature, mean daily relative humidity,mean daily wind speed and daily precipitation. Statistical methods were used to analyses the meteorological data of periods subject to Suiyun and Six-Qi according to Neijing.The Index(anomalous values)of every region,every year,early(later) half year,each period of Six-Qi and each meteorological element were calculated.Dampness Qi and dryness Qi refer to the Index value of precipitation,positive value as dampness Qi and negative as dryness Qi.Wind Qi correspond to the positive Index value of wind speed,Cold Qi to the negative Index value of temperature,and Fire Qi including monarch fire and premier fire corresponding to the positive Index value of temperature.Indexl refers to the mean value of various elements in the corresponding period minus the annual mean value of corresponding elements and period in 54 years.Index2 refers to the mean value of various elements in the corresponding period minus the mean value of the corresponding periods and elements in 54 years.The weather conditions ratiocinated by Yunqi of whole year,early(later)half year and each period of Six-Qi were compared with Indexl of each corresponding elements,and explored whether it was consistent between Suiyun and Zhuqi. Comparing with the Index2 of each corresponding elements,whether there was accordance in Sitian,Zaiquan and each Keqi were investigated.2.1 Correlation of statistical meteorological data and SuiyunSuiyun was deduced from the ten stems recording Yun,which include the excess and deficiency functioning as mutual generation of five elements.The excess indicate Suiyun is vigorous and superabundant,and the deficiency show Suiyun is decaying and insufficient.According to Neijing,the Indexl of each corresponding elements of Hanzhong,Xi'an,Yan'an,Yulin in 54 years were compared with the weather conditions corresponding to Suiyun.The coincidence rates were 51.85%in Hanzhong,55.56%in Xi'an,53.70%in Yan'an and 68.52% in Yulin.2.2 Correlation of statistical meteorological data and Six-QiSix-Qi was classified as Zhu Qi and Ke Qi.Normal climate changes of six seasons in one year were controlled by Zhu Qi,named as dominated season Qi and arranged in accordance with wood,fire,earth,metal,water,the mutual generation sequence of five elements.The six phases of Zhu Qi start from spring wood and end at winter water,which were constant and showed a different season changes in one year.Therefore,during statistical analysis,Zhu Qi were considered as constant factors to indicate the season transformation,and the indexl of each corresponding weather elements of Six-Qi were compared with the outcome of Yunqi ratiocination.Coincident rates of first period of Zhu Qi were 66.67%in Hanzhong,53.70%in Xi'an,62.96%in Yan'an and 42.59% in Yulin;Coincident rates of second period were 94.44%in Hanzhong,90.74% in Xi'an,100%in Yan'an and 100%in Yulin:Coincident rates of third period were 100%in anzhong,100%in Xi'an,100%in Yah' an and 100%in Yulin; Coincident rates of fourth period were 79.63%in Hanzhong,83.33%in Xi'an, 96.30%in Yan'an and 96.30%in Yulin;Coincident rates of fifth period were 62.96%in Hanzhong,55.56%in Xi'an,72.22%in Yan'an and 85.19%in Yulin; Coincident rates of last period were 100%in Hanzhong,100%in Xi'an,100% in Yan'an and 100%in Yulin.Ke Qi was running in the sky and keeping on moving,which reflects the specificity of climate change of each year.Thus,the Index2 of each corresponding weather elements were compared with the result of Yunqi ratiocination.Coincident rates of Sitian were 51.85%in Hanzhong,48.15%in Xi'an,51.85%in Yan'an and 48.15%in Yulin:Coincident rates of Zaiquan were 62.96%in Hanzhong,57.41%in Xi'an,57.41%in Yan'an and 57.41%in yulin;Coincident rates of first period were 44.44%in Hanzhong,44.44%in Xi'an,38.89%in Yan'an and 50%in Yulin:Coincident rates of second period were 53.70%in Hanzhong,48.15%in Xi'an,51.85%in Yan'an and 46.30%in Yulin;Coincident rates of third period were 48.15%in Hanzhong,48.15%in Xi'an,44.44%in Yan'an and 53.70%in Yulin;Coincident rates of fourth period were 40.74%in Hanzhong,44.44%in Xi'an,50%in Yan'an and 46.30% in Yulin;Coincident rates of fifth period were 53.70%in Hanzhong,50%in Xi'an,59.26%in Yan'an and 51.85%in Yulin;Coincident rates of last period were 55.56%in Hanzhong,50%in Xi'an,50%in Yan'an and 51.85%in Yulin.In summary,it conclude that Suiyun in Yulin obtain the highest coincident rates(68.52%).Among Zhu Qi,the highest coincident rate of first period is in Hanzhong(66.67%);the highest coincident rate of second period is in Yan'an and Yulin(100%);the coincident rate of third period in the four regions are 100%;the highest coincident rate of fourth period is in Yan'an and Yulin(96.30%);the highest coincident rate of fifth period is in Yulin(85.19%);the coincident rate of last period in the four regions are 100%.Moreover,among Ke Qi,the highest coincident rate of Sitian is in Hanzhong and Yan'an(51.85%);the highest coincident rate of Zaiquan is in Hanzhong (62.96%);the highest coincident rate of first period is in Yulin(50%);the highest coincident rate of second period is in Hanzhong(53.70%),the highest coincident rate of third period is in Yulin(53.70%);the highest coincident rate of fourth period is in Yan'an(50%);the highest coincident rate of fifth period is in Yan'an(59.26%);and the highest coincident rate of last period is in Hanzhong(55.56%).The statistical analysis show that there were no obvious differences in the coincident rates of Zhu Qi at the different latitude of Shaanxi province (Hanzhong,Xi'an,Yan'an and Yulin).The lower coincident rate of Ke Qi is in accordance with Yunqi theory that Zhu Qi recording constant and Ke Qi recording change.The coincident rates of Suiyun and Ke Qi were no difference in the four regions(P＞0.05,X~2 test),suggesting that it is similar for the applicability of Yunqi theory in Hanzhong,Xi'an,Yan'an and Yulin.Thus, Yunqi theory provides certain reference values for ratiocinating the weather conditions in Shaanxi province.3.Correlation of Yunqi ratiocination and prevalence of infectious diseasesIn order to investigate the correlation between prevalence of infectious diseases and Yunqi ratiocination,incidence of eight kinds of legal infectious diseases in Shaanxi during 22 years were analyzed and compared to the information of Yunqi ratiocination.3.1 Data collectionIncidences of eight kinds of infectious diseases(hepatitis,dysentery, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis,Japanese B encephalitis,measles,typhoid, pertussis and hemorrhagic fever)were collected from Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control during 1980-2001.3.2 Statistical analysisIncidence rates were analyzed in the following periods of each year:whole year(Suiyun),early half year(Sitian),last half year(Zaiquan)and each period of Six-Qi.The incidences of infectious diseases were compared with information of Yunqi ratiocination to explore the correlation between prevalence of each infectious diseases and Yunqi ratiocination and further study the disease law of Yuqi theory.3.3 Yunqi theory and disease regularity3.3.1 Suiyun and disease regularityThe disease regularities during years of Suiyun excess are:1)excessive climate exopathogens and pathogen generating under the Qi of Suiyun;2)disease attacking of the viscera communicated with Suiyun;3)disease attacking of the viscera being restrained by Suiyun;4)disease attacking of the restraining viscera with Suiyun;5)disease attacking of the viscera under the Qi of Suiyun.The disease regularities during years of Suiyun deficiency are:1) excessive climate exopathogens and pathogen generating by the restraining Qi with Suiyun;2)disease attacking of the viscera corresponding to Suiyun;3) disease attacking of the restraining viscera;4)disease attacking of the viscera being restrained;5)excessive Fu Qi and corresponding disease.3.3.2 Six-Qi and disease regularitySix-Qi refers to the six climates:wind,heat(summerheat),dampness, dryness and cold.Diseases arising caused by Six-Qi include:1)excessive climate exopathogens and pathogen generating under the host evolutive Qi;2) disease attacking of the viscera communicated with the host evolutive Qi;3) over-restriction of the viscera being restrained and counter-restriction of the restraining viscera by excessive climate exopathogens of the host evolutive Qi;4)disease attacking of the viscera under host evolutive Qi.3.4 Comparison and analysis on the prevalence of infectious diseases and Yunqi ratiocinationAccording to the disease regularity of Yunqi theory,the statistics on the eight kinds of infectious diseases and Yunqi ratiocination results were analyzed.It suggested the Correlation between Yunqi ratiocination and the occurrence of infectious diseases,and indicated the clinical significance about disease regularity of Yunqi theory.From the comparative analysis between the weather information and incidences of infectious disease with the results of Yunqi ratiocination,it show that the excellent agreement of Zhu Qi with climate changes or diseases prevalence is the correctness of Yunqi theory.The poor agreement of Ke Qi also indicates the scientificity of Yunqi theory.The climate changes and relation of disease and climate have general and special situation.The general state is constant and a majority,while the special situation is changeable and very few.According to Yunqi theory,special situation,Ke Qi and Kezhu Jialin,will be considered only when not in line with common sense.It should be flexibly applied,because the Ke Qi and Kezhu Jialin were designed by the ancient to investigate the disaccordence of climate changes and disease prevalence with general states.In conclusion,Ynuqi theory has a certain reference value to ratiocinate the climate changes and prevalence of infectious diseases by analyzing the 54 years climate data of four regions in Shaanxi and the 22 years prevalence of eight kinds of infectious diseases.The pathogenesis of Yunqi theory also has some guidance significance to prevention and treatment of diseases. Therefore,Yunqi theory should be considered as important references analyzing the climate changes and diseases prevalence.However,other factors must also be considered,and when in practice it should apply flexibly,dialectically treat Yunqi theory and analyse the specific conditions.
|
PDF Full Text Request