Beijing Physician, School Research

The study of Beijing Imperial Medical School aimed at its academic relations with the Court Medicine on the basis of tracing back to the origin and development of Beijing Court Medicine. The value of the school has been proved by studying the imperial physicians and their academic inheritors in such aspects as the lives, achievements, influence, scholarship, academic thoughts, academic features in developing the school and its core thoughts. A new prospect has been opened in studying the different schools of TCM in Beijing by investigating the school in its historical development and academic characteristics and revealing the laws governing its development from a new viewpoint.Philology is the main method in the research, together with mathematical statistics and dictation history. Firstly, on the basis of the verification of the existing document and related historical medical material from the Twenty-Four Histories and from the internal and external factors from historical material, textural researches have been done into its origin and development. It has been determined which school was included in the school. A preliminary conclusion of its academic thoughts has been reached. Secondly, study program was designed in mathematical statistics by using group sample and choosing 1,188 medical cases of different physicians from the school and those non-imperial physicians from Beijing, the southeastern area and the southwestern area. Then the data in prescribing were processed, compared and analyzed in mathematical statistics. The research were enriched and proved by collecting and compiling historical material from the viewpoint of dictation of history. Meanwhile, the theories about the classification of schools of TCM were investigated.On the basis of the research into the large amounts of historical material, literature of TCM and historical material from dictation, the results are as follows: Beijing Imperial Medical School was different from Beijing Court Medicine in that it was the inheritance and development of the latter. Its academic thoughts were characterized by paying attention to the classic TCM theories, laying emphasis on internal disease cause such as Zang, Fu, Qi and Blood and interpreting the cause, onset and process of an illness in Zang, Fu, Qi and blood. Thus, a variety of treating methods and principles were formed such as differentiations of wholistic regulation and the integration of internal an external treatments. The diagnostic thoughts were established including comprehensive analysis of the data based on the four diagnostic methods and pulse-taking. The features in prescribing herbs included strict compositions with mild, safe and fewer herbs and seeking to eliminate the toxicity as much as possible. The core of its academic thoughts lied in the eight principal syndromes of Zang and Fu, Qi and Blood, deficiency and excess, cold and heat. "Core classification pattern is a new method in classifying and apprising other academic schools of TCM. Dictating material was of great significance to collecting and concluding academic thoughts of different physicians and inheriting and digging up the inheritance of TCM. The school has developed into an important school in the academic cycle of medicine in Beijing, which inherited and developed Beijing Court Medicine, and hence enriched the theories of TCM.Beijing Imperial Medical School was a comprehensive academic school in the period of Republic of China (1912~1949). Its representatives were the imperial physicians and their successors in the late Qing Dynasty. Its guidance in thoughts was the theories from classics of TCM. It purpose was to inherit and develop the scholarship featured by court medicine. The cause of disease was the abnormal changes of Zang, Fu, Qi and blood. Its diagnostic methods were comprehensive analysis of the data based on the four diagnostic methods and pulse-taking. Its therapeutic methods were wholistic regulation and integration of internal and external treatment. Its prescription principles were strict composition fe...