| Most of the bamboo resources in the world are found in China, and the chemical compounds in bamboo leaves are used more widely and deeply in the development of new pharmaceutical and food processing. The studies on flavonoids compounds, phenolic compounds, proteins, carbohydrates, exogenous antioxidants, amino acids and any other compounds are included the studies on the chemical compounds of bamboo leaves. In this study, eight species of Indocalamus (Indocalamus latifolius (Keng) McClure, Indocalamus herklotsii McClure, Indocalamus decorus Q. H. Dai, Indocalamus barbatus McClure, Indocalamus sinicus (Hance) Nakai, Indocalamus longiauritus Hand.-Mazz, Indocalamus guangdongensis H. R. Zhao et Y. L. Yang, Indocalamus pedalis (Keng) Keng f.) were selected as the materials, and the flavonoid compounds, volatile components and the dynamic changes of total flavonoids were studied.1. The method of HPTLC was established to study the flavonoids compounds in Indocalamus leaves. The multistage development was performed in Automated Multiple Development (AMD2) and solvents with different ratios were used as mobile phase. The developed plates were scanned by TLC Scanner3. The components were separated well and RF of the six marker flavonoids were 0.22, 0.31, 0.38, 0.45, 0.57 and 0.88 respectively. The method was validated for precision, accuracy, selectivity and repeatability, and was expressed as coefficient of variation (CV [%]). LODs of the six marker flavonoids were lower than 80ng per point, and the recoveries of the samples were between 90%-105%.2. The differences between the concentrations of flavonoids in eight species of bamboo plants were studied. It was resulted that the concentrations and kinds of flavonoids were significantly different in this six species of Indocalamus. The concentration of total flavonoids in the dry leaves was at the range of 0.11% to 0.40%, and from maximum to minimum was I. barbatus (0.40%), I. sinicus (0.37%), I. longiauritus (0.36%), I. guangdongensis (0.35%), I. decorus (0.30%), I. pedalis (0.28%), I. latifolius (0.27%), I. herklotsii (0.11%) and the concentration of total flavonoids in I. barbatus was the maximum in this eight species of Indocalamus, and it would be more useful in extracting natural bamboo-flavonoids. Vitexin (0.21%), isoorientin (0.08%) and orientin(0.06%) were the main components of the flavonoids in I. barbatus; Isoorientin (0.16%) and orientin (0.08%) were the main components of the flavonoids in I. sinicus; Isoorientin (0.15%), orientin (0.09%), vitexin (0.07%) and isovitexin (0.05%)were the main components of flavonoids in I. longiauritus; Isoorientin (0.15%), orientin (0.05%), vitexin (0.08%) and isovitexin (0.07%) were the main components of flavonoids in I. guangdongensis; Isoorientin (0.10%) and orientin (0.07%) were the main components of flavonoids in I. decorus; Isoorientin (0.11%), orientin (0.07%), vitexin (0.08%) and isovitexin (0.02%) were the main components of flavonoids in I. pedalis; Isovitexin (0.13%) and orientin (0.05%) were the main components of flavonoids in I. latifolius; Isoorientin (0.03%) was the only component which was detected of the flavonoids in I. herklotsii. Isoorientin, orientin and vitexin were detected in all of the eight species of bamboo, the concentrations of which were spectively in the range of 0.03% -0.16%, 0.02%-0.09% and 0.01%-0.21%; Isovitexin was not detected in I. herklotsii and I. decorus, while were detected in the other six species of bamboos and the concentration was 0.02%-0.12%. Quercetin was detected in I. latifolius, I. herklotsii, I. decorus, I. barbatus, I. longiauritus with the concentration of 0.01%-0.06%; Tricin was only detected in I. herklotsii with the concentration of 0.02%.3. The dynamic changes of the concentration of total flavonoids in the four species of Indocalamus were studied. It was found that the concentration of total flavonoids in Indocalamus leaves changed with regularity: In old leaves of I. barbatus, the highest concentration of total flavonoids, 19.32 mg·g-1, was found in June, and the lowest concentration of total flavonoids, 14.32 mg·g-1, was found in October; In young leaves of I. barbatus, the highest concentration of total flavonoids, 19.42 mg·g-1, was found in October, and the lowest concentration of total flavonoids, 12.54 mg·g-1, was found in April. The concentration of total flavonoids in old leaves of I. decorus was studied to come to the highest in June, with the concentration of 18.32 mg·g-1, and come to the lowest in September, with 13.98 mg·g-1, and the concentration of total flavonoids in young leaves of I. decorus was found to come to the highest in September, with the concentration of 16.98 mg·g-1, and come to the lowest in December, with 13.65 mg·g-1. The highest concentration of total flavonoids was found in June with 18.98 mg·g-1 in old leaves of I. pedalis, while was found in October with 18.52 mg·g-1 in young leaves of I. pedalis, and the lowest concentration of total flavonoids was found in October with 15.52 mg·g-1 in old leaves of I. pedalis, while was found in May with 13.98 mg·g-1 in young leaves of I. pedalis,4. The volatile compounds of the eight species of Indocalamus and the antioxidant activity and anti-Propionibacterium acnes of which were studied. It was found that the major components of volatile oil in Indocalamus plants leaves were Alcohols, Ketones, Hydrocarbons, Phenols, Aldehydes, Acids , Esters and other compounds. The different compounds were found in different species of Indocalamus. The essential oil of I. longiauritus was studied to have the best antioxidant activity, with IC50 of 4.81 mg·mL-1; And the essential oil of I. herklotsii was studied to be the worst, with IC50 of 10.32 mg·mL-1. The antioxidant activities of the eight species of Indocalamus from best to worst was: I. longiauritus, I. barbatus, I. pedalis, I. sinicus, I. latifolius, I. decorus, I. longiauritus, I. herklotsii. The essential oil of the eight species of Indocalamus was found to have strong antibacterial activity. The IC50 of anti-propionibacterium acnes were 3.22mg·L-1 (I. barbatus), 3.53 mg·L-1 (I. herklotsii), 3.82 mg·L-1 (I. decorus), 3.02 mg·L-1 (I. latifolius), 3.58 mg·L-1 (I. guangdongensis), 4.13 mg·L-1 (I. sinicus), 2.92 mg·L-1 (I. longiauritus) and 3.62 mg·L-1 (I. pedalis).5. SPME-GC-MS was used in this study to find out the differences of aroma-active compounds in zong-zi, glutinous rice and Indocalamus leaves. 13 aroma-activity compounds which come from Indocalamus leaves were found in zong-zi, and the most abundant of which was Cis-3-Hexenol. Dimethyl sulfide was found to be dominant in the aroma-activity compounds of glutinous rice, and Hydrocarbons, Aldehydes, Ketones, Esters and other compounds were also detected.
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