Researches On The Development Strategies Of The National Tree Seeds And Seedlings System In China

Tree seeds and seedlings is the bases and prerequisite of forestry development and important carrier of forestry scientific progress, which is of great significance for improving the quality of forest stands, increasing productivity of plantations, increasing the supplyment of timber and other forest products, maintaining forest genetic diversities, enhancing biological stability of plantations, and influencing health and security of forest ecosystem.Development of tree seeds and seedlings has decided the direction of forestry development. However, in China, lots of interests exist in development of tree seeds and seedlings, including conservation of germplasm resources, capability of innovation in science and technology, inadequate extension of super seeds selection and breeding, incomplete supporting policy, irrational management system, lower capability of management and law enforcement, which are out of keeping with the requirements of modern forestry developing and to realize national long term forestry developmental and strategic objectives.With the guidance of forest genetics and tree improvement science and technologies, economics and management theoriesand based on relevant laws, researches were conducted relaying on the measures of combining the law of nature and economics, the macro management with micro operation, comprehensive consideration on general and case studies, field survey and interview with historical documents. The technological points, such as the establishment of the theoretical and technical system of tree seeds and seedlings development, production and supply management system, and technical and economic policy system, were included. The history of tree seeds and seedlings development in China, trends of tree seeds and seedlings development on the world, advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and crises of tree seeds and seedlings development in China were analyzed systematically, and some sucsessed examples of tree seeds and seedlings development were introduced. In addition, the demand trends on tree seeds and seedlings for modern forestry (both urban and rural contrysides) development were forcasted to referring the social and economic development in China.The position and role of tree seeds and seedlings both to the forestry and socio-economic development in China were discussed also. We tried to proposal forward a ideology and system of the Systematic Theory for the Tree Seeds and Seedlings Develpoment, which may be one of the way to take the modern development of tree seeds and seedlings on road. Based on our researches, it is believed that, in terms of development of tree seeds and seedlings in China, not only it was needed under the guidance of systematic theory, but also to the reforme of the system of national development of tree seeds and seedlings, the system of scientific innovation, the system of selecting, breeding and extending superior tree germplasm, the system of production and supplying, the systems of law enforcement and quality supervision, and the social service system of tree seeds and seedlings.With the points of long term developmental strategy, management philosophy and technical requirements and characteristics of tree seeds and seedlings, and the leading role in forestry production, it was proposed that to divide tree seeds and seedlings into three categories including seeds for public benefits (covering collection and storage of forest and tree germplasm resources, selection and breeding of super tree seeds, production and storage of super tree seeds), cultivation of commercial seedlings (covering ornamental seedlings, various planting materials for afforestation and greening) and compatible seeds and seedlings (covering tree seeds collection base and nurseries for public benefits), and based on the above-mentioned classification, it requires to work out different objectives, policies and measures.Finally, some suggestions have been made on technical and economic policy to promote the development of tree seeds and seedlings, and the management system.