Research On Supply Chain Integration Management Of Prefabricated Housing

With the development of urbanization in China, the housing industry maintains a high growth rate in such a long time. Under tremendous pressures from the energy conservation and emissions reduction, individual demand s, and labor shortages, housing industrialization has become a necessary way for our country to transform and upgrade the construction industry. Thus, there would be unprecedented opportunities for the development of prefabricated housing (PH) which is one of the critical approaches to housing industrialization. However, the housing market is becoming more complicated and changeable according to the development of the e-commerce and the increasingly diversified and personalized user demand. It is posing significant challenges for the key suppliers in the PH market. Therefore, starting from the perspective of the supply chain, this dissertation analyzes the issues of PH supply chain integration management, including its motivation, mechanism, process management, and performance measurement. The findings make significant theoretical and practical contributions towards promoting the modernization of the construction industry, improving the current situations of the PH supply chain, upgrading the core competition of the PH companies, and speeding the progression of PH.The key issues of PH supply chain integration are set out in this dissertation. In doing so, it starts by reviewing references related to this research and studying the theories of supply chain management and integration management. Comparative studies, semi-structured interviews with experts in this field, questionnaires, and modeling analysis were used as research methods. Firstly, comparative studies of the objective function need and the current situation of the supply chain were adopted based on the structural model of the PH supply chain. Causes of the PH integration were stressed from the comparatives studies and then tested and refined through further interviews with expert participants. Secondly, the research focused on the pre-activities of PH supply chain integration and put forward an integration mode under the circumstances of e-commerce. Processes of the partner selection, decision-making and income distribution of the supply chain were further discussed. Thirdly, frameworks of the information sharing mechanism, the demand response mechanism, and the risk management mechanism were designed to analyze the operation process of PH supply chain integration. Finally, a measurement method was put forward for the performance management of the PH supply chain integration, which provides feedbacks for the integration management. The innovations of this dissertation are as follows.(1) The theoretical model of the causes of the PH supply chain integration is erected, and it is verified by the questionnaire survey and a structural equation model. Owing to the characteristics of the PH, a structural model of the supply chain is proposed and comparative studies of the current situation of the PH supply chain and the function needs are adopted. An integration motivation theory system is constructed based on the external and macro environment, medium industry development and microenterprise needs. Then, the model is verified by the questionnaire survey and the structural equation model.(2) A two-stage process model of partner selection is proposed, and a combined decision model is developed based on the Adaptive Genetic Algorithm. The two-stage process model of the partner selection in the PH supply chain includes the stages of the primary selection and the combination optimization. At the primary selection stage, common and individual index systems are constructed, and the Grey Relational Analysis is conducted to select the indexes. At the combination optimization stage, a multi-objective decision model is further developed based on the Adaptive Genetic Algorithm considering the cost, the response time, the quality, and the risk of the supply chain operation.(3) Taking the influence factors of the PH supply chain profits into consideration, this research builds a two-stage income distribution model based on the modifying Shapley value. The PH income distribution takes the amount of contributions of the members as the measurement and the integration pays attention to the information value and the technology innovations. Member’s contribution is closely related to its market position and risk-bearing ability. At the same time, the periodic modifying of the distribution mechanism is also considered to guarantee the dynamic equilibrium of the distribution mechanism. Therefore, the income distribution mechanism is built on the information value, technology innovation, risks, market position and other related factors, as well as the dynamic adjustment of distribution.(4) the risk lists of the whole process of the PH supply chain integration are developed. A risk evaluation method is also put forward within the subject differences. The research begins with the integration process of the PH supply chain and summarizes the preliminary supply chain integration risks. The Principal Component Analysis and questionnaires are adopted to identify the six spheres of risks, including the environmental-related risks, strategic-related risks, organization-related risks, technology-related risks, information-related risks and cooperation-related risks. Furthermore, considering the differences in status and roles between the enterprises on the supply chain nodes, a risk assessment model is built based on the principal factors and focused on the different spheres of risks.(5) A performance measurement index system of the PH supply chain integration is created. And a measurement model is developed based on the set-valued iterative method and the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method. Taking the characteristics of the PH supply chain integration into consideration, a comprehensive measurement index system is created. Semi-structured questionnaires and the Principal Component Analysis are adopted as the primary research methods. This system consists of three primary indexes, including the demand response, the business running performances, and the coordination performance of the suppliers. Under the three primary indexes, eight secondary indexes and 23 tertiary indexes are further identified. Also, a measurement model is developed based on the set-valued iterative method and the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method. It is then tested and refined by case studies to be more scientific and rational.