Research Of The Island Effect Measures And Inverting Mechanism In Tourism Attraction

With the rapid development of tourism in China, tourist attractions of different types, different ranks and different regions have been growing rapidly. But during the same time, the problems of enclosing scenic spots as part of the region and exploitation of besieged-city style have been increasingly serious. Isolated island effect has become more obvious in tourist attractions, and the discrepancy between tourist attractions and communities has been sharply widened, so has the contradiction between tourist attractions and communities, both of which have become the important issues standing in the way of sustainable development. Despite the attention of scholars paid to the isolated island effect in tourist attractions, systematic research is still in desperate need. The application of isolated island theory into the development of tourist attractions from the perspective of harmonious development between tourist attractions and communities can not only make up the relevant theoretical blank, but also provide guidance for sustainable development of tourist attractions.Based on the above analysis, this paper uses the combination of literature analysis and questionnaire, qualitative analysis and qualitative evaluation, and the combination of subject cross and software, and of horizontal comparison and summary, on the basis of clarifying the research background and problems, research progress and review, research basis and method, research purpose and significance, research ideas and framework (Chapter One); takes the relevant theories of geography, regional economics, landscape ecology, tourism science as its foundation (Chapter Two), creatively puts forward the theory of isolated island effect in tourist attractions and systematically analyzes the formulation, formation, evolution, characteristics and types of the theory, and initially establishes its theoretical framework (Chapter Three); constructs the index system and measure model of the isolated island effect on the basis of theoretical research (Chapter Four); takes the six major tourist attractions of Puzhehei as demonstration for measuring (Chapter Five); puts forward the theory of inverting mechanism from the aspects of early warning, anti-planning and regulation on the basis of empirical results (Chapter Six), and finally brings out the crucial conclusion and future research forecast (Chapter Seven).The main ideas and conclusions of this paper include:The paper is introduce the isolated island effect into the research category of tourist attractions, which refers to the isolated development of tourist spots because of the obvious difference between tourist spots and the surrounding settings and because of the lack of interrelationships. The isolated island theory expresses the isolation and the separation between the scenic spot and the communities visually and intuitively, providing a unique new perspective for the research on the impact of tourism attractions and tourism.The isolated islands in tourist attractions includes isolated islands of the economic, social, and landscape fronts, belonging to an evolutionary process of initialization, flourishing, isolation and polarization, resulting in separation of economic relations, extrusion of social culture and fragmentation of landscape ecology. The causes include:spatial marginalization, unified development mode, multiple management systems on the external side, interest drive, barriers to participation and community man-made ecological damage on the internal side.The measurement system of the island effect of tourist attractions is composed of 1 target, 3 sub-targets,2 indicators and 21 specific indicators. On the basis of determining the weight of index with entropy method, this paper establishes the (D/C) island effect evaluation model. The higher the differential index is, the greater the isolated island effect is. The higher the connectivity index is, the smaller the isolated island effect is.Of the six major tourist attractions of Puzhehei, the greatest of the economic isolated island effect is Bailonghu Scenic Area (4.4010),the smallest of the economic isolated island effect is Luoshuidong Scenic Area (0.4940),the greatest of the social isolated island effect is Shanhewan Scenic Area (2.3649), the smallest of the social isolated island effect is Luoshuidong Scenic Area (0.8125), the greatest of the landscape isolated island effect is Badaoshao Scenic Area (1.3359),the smallest of the landscape isolated island effect is Bailonghu Scenic Area (0.3999).From the perspective island effect of overall average value,the isolated island effect ranking from the highest to the lowest are as following: economic isolated island effect (2.3663), social isolated island effect (1.2267) and landscape isolated island effect (0.9768)There are three types of inverting mechanism of the tourist isolated island effect: pre-inversion, including establishing early-warning index system, determining the early-warning boundary value, making early-warning signal map, and releasing early-warning information and so on, medium inversion—anti-planning mechanism, including the anti planning process of determining a target, taking four analyses, making four plannings and two kinds of feedback.post-inversion—regulation mechanism, including reducing the difference, enhancing the degree of connectivity, the implementation of recovery management and so on.